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Kinesiology
Kinesiology Chapter 1
47
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Undergraduate 2
01/19/2011

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Term
kinesiology
Definition
the study of movement; utilizes principles of mechanics, musculoskeletal anatomy, and neuromuscular physiology
Term
biomechanics
Definition
mechanical principles that relate directly to the human body are used in the study of this
Term
kinetics
Definition
forces causing movement
Term
kinematics
Definition
time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system
Term
fundamental position
Definition
same as anatomical position, except the palms face the sides of the body
Term
medial
Definition
towards the midline of the body
Term
lateral
Definition
location or position farther from the midline
Term
anterior
Definition
front of the body
Term
posterior
Definition
back of the body
Term
ventral
Definition
synonym of anterior
Term
dorsal
Definition
synonym of posterior
Term
distal
Definition
away from the trunk
Term
proximal
Definition
toward the trunk
Term
superior
Definition
above another or the upper surface of an organ or structure
Term
inferior
Definition
below another or the lower surgace of an organ or structure
Term
cranial
Definition
position or structure close to the head
Term
caudal
Definition
position or structure closer to the feet
Term
linear motion
Definition
translatory motion; occurs in more or less a straight line from one location to another; all parts move the same distance, in same direction and at the same time
Term
rectilinear motion
Definition
when linear motion occurs in a straight line
Term
curvilinear motion
Definition
linear motion occurs in a curved path
Term
angular motion
Definition
movement of an object about a fixed point; rotary motion; move at same angle, direction and time but not same distance
Term
osteokinematics
Definition
movements of bones around a joint
Term
arthrokinematics
Definition
joint surface movement
Term
flexion
Definition
bending movement of one bone on another causing a decrease in the joint angle
Term
extension
Definition
straightening movement of one bone from another causing an increase of the joint angle
Term
hyperextension
Definition
continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position
Term
hyperextension
Definition
continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position
Term
palmar flexion
Definition
flexion at the wrist
Term
plantar flexion
Definition
flexion at the ankle
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
extension at both wrist and ankle joints
Term
abduction
Definition
movement away from the midline of the body
Term
adduction
Definition
movement toward the midline of the body
Term
horizontal abduction
Definition
when the shoulder joint is abducted to 90 degrees and then moved backward
Term
horizontal adduction
Definition
when the shoulder is adducted from the 90 degree position
Term
radial deviation
Definition
when the hand moves laterally or toward the thumb side
Term
ulnar deviation
Definition
when the hand moves medially from the anatomical position toward the little finger side at the wrist
Term
lateral bending
Definition
when the trunk moves sideways
Term
circumduction
Definition
a circular, cone-shaped pattern that involves flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction
Term
rotation
Definition
movement of a bone or part around its longitudinal axis
Term
medial rotation
Definition
when the anterior surface moves inward toward the midline
Term
lateral rotation
Definition
when the anterior surfaces moves outward away from the midline
Term
supination
Definition
when the palm of the hand faces forward or anteriorly; palm up
Term
pronation
Definition
when the palm of the hand is facing backward or posteriorly; palm down
Term
inversion
Definition
when you move the sole of the foot inward at the ankle
Term
eversion
Definition
when you move the sole of the foot outward
Term
protraction
Definition
a linear movement along a plane parallel to the ground and away from the midline
Term
retraction
Definition
a linear movement alone a plane parallel to the ground toward the midline
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