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Details Title: Kassin Chapter 6 Description: Memory Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 02/24/2005 16:33:02	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Memory Definition The process in which information is retained for later use Term Sensory memory Definition A memory storage system that store information from the senses for up to 3 seconds Term Short-term memory (STM) Definition A memory storage system that hold about 7 items for up to 20 seconds before it is transfereed to long term memory or forgotten Term Long-term memory (LTM) Definition A relatively permanent storage system that can hold vast amts of information for many years Term Iconic memory Definition A fleeting sensory memory for visual images that lasts only for a fraction of a second Term Echoic memory Definition A brief sonsory memory for auditory input that lasts only 2-3 seconds Term Chunking Definition The process of grouping distinct bits of information into larger wholes, or chunks, to increase short term memory capacity Term Limitation of STM Definition STM is limited in the amt of info, and the length of time it can store the info. old info is displaced by new info, like scrolling a page Term Maintenance rehearsal Definition the use of sheer repitition to keep information in short term memory Term Working memory Definition term used to describe STM as an active workspace where information is accessible for current use Term The Serial-Position curve Definition by Calkins. A U-shaped pattern indicating the tendency to recall more items from the beginning and end of a list than those in the middle Term Primacy and Recency Definition Primacy- remembering early items in sequence Recency- advantage for the later items Term Elaborative rehearsal Definition A technique for transferring information to LTM by thinking about it in a deeper way, through association, meaningfulness etc Term Encoding Definition -linking of info to the self -Overlearning -numerical frequencies Term Storage Definition 1. Semantic- verbal 2. Visual Term Long-Term memory (LTM) Definition 1. Procedural memory: stored long term knowledge of skills and habits 2. Declarative memory: facts about ourselves and the world Term Semantic networks Definition Memories are stored in these complex webs of associations, thus when one is recalls, others linked to it are triggered into recall too Term Lexical decision making Definition An experimental task tt requires subjects to decide as quickly as possible whether a string of letters briefly presented make a word or not Term Explicit and Implicit memory retrieval Definition Explicit- memories elicited through conscious recollections to direct questions Implicit- nonconscious recollection of a prior experience tt is revealed indirectly, by its effects on performance Term Explicit memory recall Definition through Fre-recall, recognition,aromatic-memories, contect-dependent, state-dependent Term Anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia Definition Anterograde- cannot make long term memories Retrograde- cannot recall long term memories of the past Term 3 consequences of retension without awareness Definition 1)false-fame effect 2)eyewitness transference 3)Unintentional plagiarism Term Forgetting curve Definition a consistent pattern where thememory loss for input is steepst after input is received and levels off over time Term Memory failure Definition 1) Decay 2) Repression 3) Interference 4) Lack of encoding [DRIL] Term Interference in forgetting/memory Definition Proactive interference- prior info inhibits new info recall Retroactive interference- new material disrupts previously learnt material Term Mnemonics Definition memory aids designed to facilitate in recall of info Term Schemas Definition preconceptions about persons, objs, things or events tt bias the way new info is inerpreted and recalled Term Misinformation effect Definition tendency to incorporate false postevent information into one's memory of the event itself Term Illusory memories Definition tendency to 'hear' or recall words/objs that were related to the real event/list, but not on it Term Flashbulb memories Definition memories that are vivid and enduring, of events dramatic or emotional Term Childhood amnesia Definition memory gap in children about events between 3-4 years Term Hindsight bias Definition tendency to look back on an event and feel like we knew in advance that it was going to happen