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o Paper money in the north o Made it easier to pay soldiers, levy taxes & sell war bonds |
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-National Bank Act (1863) |
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o Established by the Union o Gave private bankers an incentive to purchase war bonds |
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Britain and France required southern cotton to the point of extending diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy o sends emissaries (Mason & Slidell) to Britain & France, ships captured by Union, emissaries released to avoid war w/ Britain |
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- 1861
- Authorized seizure of all property used in military rebellion
- Did not free slaves or apply to fugitives who had not been in Confederate army
- North had proslavery Democrats; didn’t want to piss them off
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o 1862 o Authorized seizure of all property, employment of blacks as soldiers o Freed slaves who came w/in Union lines |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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o Lincoln: maintaining the union more important than freeing slaves o January 1, 1863: declared slaves in rebellion areas free o Little practical impact, effective politically o Pacified northern conservatives, gained European support of Union, enabled blacks to join Union army |
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o Passed by Congress, 1865 o Responsibility for relief, education, employment of former slaves o Allotted 40 acres of abandoned/confiscated land to freedmen or southern Unionists |
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New York City draft riots |
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- Irish protested draft b/c freed blacks would be their job competition - Broken up by Union troops |
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| United States Sanitary Commission |
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o Depended on ♀ volunteers o Raised $$, bought & distributed supplies, ran kitchens, inspected camps |
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o Woman’s National Loyal League |
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§ Founded 1863, Elizabeth Stanton Cady & Susan B. Anthony § Promoted emancipation & ♀ suffrage |
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o Proposed by Winfield Scott (southern Unionist) o Blockade southern coastline, use Mississippi River to attack o Failed: lack of troops, not enough southern Unionist support |
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o Ulysses S. Grant & his lieutenant William T. Sherman held off Beauregard o Victory for north o Corinth, MS |
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o Secured remaining Mississippi River for north |
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| (1862) granted 160 acres of land to settlers |
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- funded universities’ agricultural & mechanical programs
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-huge human toll -ruins southern economy -provided good conditions for industrial development, capital investment -doctrine of states’ rights less extreme -nat’l banking system à state banks -fulfilled abolitionist, Unionist goals |
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