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Jeopardy 16
Europe: Feudalism, the Church, and the Crusades
82
History
10th Grade
04/11/2007

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Term
Medieval farming estate, including a village
Definition
a manor
Term
Noble's home and fortress made of stone
Definition
a castle
Term
Body of water that protected some castles
Definition
a moat
Term
Heavy door of a castle that could be raised or lowered
Definition
a drawbridge
Term
Code of conduct developed for medieval knights
Definition
the code of chivalry
Term
Popular board game played by nobles and ladies
Definition
chess
Term
Below-ground area where prisoners were kept in a castle
Definition
a dungeon
Term
Political condition that favored the development of feudalism
Definition
no strong central government (or weak kings)
Term
Major obligation of a vassal to a lord
Definition
military aid and service
Term
Payment owed by a vassal if the lord was captured in battle
Definition
ransom
Term
Mock battles, the great sport of feudal knights
Definition
tournaments
Term
A fight between two armored knights on horseback
Definition
a joust
Term
Floor covering for a medieval manor house or castle
Definition
straw
Term
Castle room where everyone lived and ate
Definition
the great hall
Term
Grant of land
Definition
a fief
Term
Body of vassals that decided legal cases
Definition
the lord's court
Term
Wooden building built to provide protection to everyone on the lord's manor
Definition
the manor house
Term
High wooden fence that surrounded a noble's house
Definition
a palisade
Term
Tall, strong tower of a castle
Definition
the keep
Term
Payment given by a bride's family to the husband-to-be
Definition
a dowry
Term
Condition of a field left unplanted every third year
Definition
fallow
Term
Person who granted land in exchange for military services
Definition
a lord
Term
Class of peple who were lords and vassals
Definition
nobles
Term
People who farmed the land and provided services for nobles
Definition
peasants
Term
Peasants who were bound to the land
Definition
serfs
Term
Noble warrior on horseback
Definition
a knight
Term
Weak rulers who granted land from royal estates to powerful lords
Definition
kings
Term
Class of medieval religious leaders
Definition
the clergy
Term
Lesser lord who held land in return for a pledge of services and loyalty
Definition
a vassal
Term
Legal possession and use of land passed to this person when a lord or vassal died.
Definition
the oldest son
Term
Peasants who rented land from the lord
Definition
freemen
Term
First stage of learning to be a knight, beginning at the age of seven
Definition
a page
Term
A knight's assistant
Definition
a squire
Term
The last strong king in Europe before feudalism developed
Definition
Charlemagne
Term
Poet-musicians at feudal castles who sang about romantic love
Definition
troubadours
Term
Wandering musical entertainers
Definition
minstrels
Term
Group of nonfarming freemen necessary to village economy
Definition
skilled workers (or artisans)
Term
Manor official who made sure the peasants worked hard in the fields
Definition
a bailiff
Term
Head of a medieval university
Definition
a chancellor
Term
Manor people that the lord's lady was obligated to care for
Definition
the poor and the sick
Term
Person who kept one third of the manor's land for himself
Definition
the lord
Term
Organization that provided the only stable central authority in medieval Europe
Definition
the Church
Term
Local Church official
Definition
a parish priest
Term
Official language of the Church
Definition
Latin
Term
Spiritual head of the Church in western Europe
Definition
the pope
Term
Religious communities of nuns
Definition
nunneries (or convents)
Term
Religious communities of monks
Definition
monasteries
Term
Skills possessed by Church officials and very few other members of medieval society
Definition
reading and writing
Term
Large church headed by a bishop
Definition
a cathedral
Term
Ultimate punishment for heresy
Definition
burning at the stake
Term
Banishment from the Church
Definition
excommunication
Term
Head of a monastery
Definition
an abbot
Term
Religious order dedicated to reform, whose members preached among the people
Definition
the Franciscans or the Dominicans
Term
Responsibility taken over by the Church that benefitted the less fortunate
Definition
social welfare
Term
The laws of the Church
Definition
canon law
Term
The search for heresy by the Spanish Church
Definition
the Inquisition
Term
False doctrines or denial of the truth of dogma
Definition
heresy
Term
Contributions of 10 percent of one's income to the Church
Definition
a tithe
Term
First pope to become a powerful earthly ruler
Definition
Gregory I (the Great)
Term
Set of standards to regulate lives of monks, developed around 530
Definition
the Benedictine Rule
Term
Pope who attempted to rid the Church of control by kings and feudal lords
Definition
Gregory VII
Term
Agreement of 1122 giving both the pope and the king a part in selecting bishops
Definition
the Concordat of Worms
Term
The buying and selling of Church positions
Definition
simony
Term
Land conquered by the Arabs that the crusaders sought to recapture
Definition
Palestine (the Holy Land)
Term
Religion of the Arabs
Definition
Islam
Term
Muslim people who took over the Holy Land from the Arabs
Definition
the Seljuk Turks
Term
Empire that appealed to the pope for protection from the Turks
Definition
the Byzantine Empire
Term
Holy city recaptured by the crusaders in 1099
Definition
Jerusalem
Term
Tragic crusade of 1212
Definition
the Children's Crusade
Term
Pope who called on the feudal lords to wage a holy war (a crusade) to regain the Holy Land
Definition
Urban II
Term
War cry of the crusaders
Definition
"God wills it!"
Term
Emblem of the crusaders, sewn onto their tunics
Definition
a red cross
Term
The things a crusader would be forgiven for or declared free from
Definition
debts, taxes, sins, and criminal punishment
Term
Crusade led by nobles that was successful
Definition
the First Crusade
Term
What the crusaders did when they recaptured the holy city
Definition
massacred the inhabitants
Term
Muslim leader who recaptured Jerusalem in 1187
Definition
Salah al-Din (Saladin)
Term
Main political effect of the crusades
Definition
an increase in the power of kings
Term
Site of Church council where the pope pleaded for a crusade
Definition
Clermont
Term
Crusade led by Louis VII of France and the Holy Emperor Conrad III; begun in 1147
Definition
the Second Crusade
Term
Term for the Third Crusade, 1189-1192
Definition
the Crusade of Three Kings
Term
Pope who called for a Fourth Crusade in 1198
Definition
Innocent III
Term
City looted by crusaders in 1204
Definition
Constantinople
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