Term
| Law of Multiple Proportions |
|
Definition
| Same elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds |
|
|
Term
| Law of Definite Proportions |
|
Definition
| Need same proportions of mass to form the same compound |
|
|
Term
| Volumetric pipette and volumetric flask |
|
Definition
| Most precise for one specific amount |
|
|
Term
| Graduated pipette and cylinder |
|
Definition
| Best for all purposes (many markings) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Average value - accepted value)/Accepted value x 100 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Recorded numbers,
Non-zeroes
Middle zeroes
Trailing zeroes to right of decimal
Scientific notation numbers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leading zeroes
Trailing zeroes to left of decimal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Time - seconds
Length - meters
Mass - kilograms
Temperature - Kelvin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Y axis = volume, x axis = mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Billiard ball model
Atom - smallest unit, can't be split up, solid, homogenous, indestructible, cannot be created |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discredited Democritus with theory of 4 elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Discovered electrons with negatively charged light + magnets
Plum pudding model |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discovered nuclei with gold foil experiment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrons orbit nucleus
Bohr model |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Discovered neutrons
Neutral charge, same mass as protons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiation, nuclear medicine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abundance % x isotopic atomic mass, add |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Whole numbers mass gains/loses energy in |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electrons are at lowest possible energy level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Invented Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1 - Energy levels
2 - Orbital shape
3 - Magnetic orientation
4 - Spin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electrons fill lowest energy levels first |
|
|
Term
| Pauli Exclusion Principle |
|
Definition
| 2 electrons of opposite spin per orbital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Parallel spins in each orbital before pairing up |
|
|
Term
| Electron configuration exceptions |
|
Definition
Copper, silver, chromium
D half filled before filling s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreases left to right
Increases top to bottom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreases left to right based on whether anion/cation
Increases top to bottom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increases left to right
Decreases top to bottom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increases left to right
Decreases top to bottom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Further left = more metallic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Elements by atomic mass
Law of Octaves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Periodic table by mass
Predicted unknowns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arranged by atomic number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Delocalized electrons
Sea of electrons
Electrostatic attraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heat speeds up Sea of Electrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Metal atoms slide past each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ratio of atoms in an alloy
Ratio x molar mass = amount |
|
|
Term
| Crystal lattice structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weak intermolecular attraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measurement of covalent compounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Can have different covalent compound setups |
|
|
Term
| Covalent bond strength and length |
|
Definition
Determined by number of bonds
More bonds = shorter and stronger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atoms that want more than 8 valence
S, P, Ar, Te, Xe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acids with oxyanion + hydrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Do not participate in reactions because they are aqueous |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
