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| Magamata--polished, comma-shaped stones at one point strung on strings, objects of perhaps class distinction, obiously desired objects. One of the three Imperial Regalia. |
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| One of the three imperial regalia (story of Izumo-o pulling the sword from the snake monster). Evidence of bronze and some iron swords from the Yayoi period. Later on, some swords became embodiments of kami spirits or associated with rituals. |
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| One of the imperial regalia. Evidence of decorated/stylaized mirrors from the Yayoi period, very similar to Korean make. Story of Amatarasu (sun goddess). This one enshrined at Ise. |
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| Noted in the Wei Zhi Chronicle. Empress of the people of Wa. Bewitched people with magic. King succeeded but disputed by people, following civil unrest, Eo (relation) made queen and order restored. |
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| Tumuli--Keyhole-shaped burial chambers, literal translation of the Kofun period. Implies a greater social organization than previous eras, dug out from the side, outter and inner coffins similar to shinese and korean make (identical murals and slippers found). Largest to Nintoku. Use of Haniwa as replacement to actual sacrifice. |
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| Burial Figurines (Haniwa) |
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| clay pottery figurines of warriors or horses replacements for actual sacrifices to be buried in Tumuli. Horses treasured-developement of the Horserider Theory, that Kofun represents new break due to invasion from Korean mainland that easily dominated Yayoi people with Horse warfare. |
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| During Kofun period, social organization developed around the idea of Clan Kami--that each member of the clan was descendent from that clan's kami (ujigami). Helped glue these clans together. |
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| "a record of ancient matters" recommissioned by an emperor in the 600's after Japan has been colonialized and become overwhelmingly Buddhist. Divided into three books--first a lineage of the kami, second accounts of the first emperors (largely myth-ized) from 660BCE-300CE, and third up to the 600'sCE, getting progressively more historical. |
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| Very similar to the Kojiki, but smetimes you get variant tellings of the same account, some that conflict with one another. |
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| "The Heavenly Fields on High." Kami origination point. First three to pop into existence, then two more, these five called Hitorigami. Genderless, amorphous. 7 generations of Deities follows, lastly Izanagi and Izanami.Yomi tsu Kuni on the edge of a province called Izumo. |
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| Sun goddess, story born from Izanagi's left eye (after ugly comb story). Given dominion over the heavens, contesst with Susano-o. Kami of the imperial family, so this story could be allegory for their domination over another clan. |
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| Create the earth. Droplets from spear create the islands of japan. Gives birth to the 8 main islands (after walking around the column thingy bit after the leech child botch), gives birth to various nature spirits, finally the fire kami who burns her up. Enters the Yomitsgumi (world of darknes/of the yellow springs--connection to Chinese myth). Ugly story with the comb and rubbing. |
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| Bad boy of Kami tradition. Born from nose. Given dominion over the earth and seas, jealous of his sister. Challenges her to kami-making duel (chewing magatama). Throws a tantrum, destroying things and shaming her to a cave (pony dropping, nun-impaling) , stops and goes into exile. Goes on to slay giant serpent. |
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| Great grandfather of Emperor Jimmu, sent by Amaterasu, entrusted with the three imperial regalia, to restore order on earth. |
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| Gradually conquers to the center of Japan to pacify the rebellious kami (silence rebellious clans?). Becomes the first emperor of japan in 660 BCE. |
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| Gates marking the beginnings of Shinto Shrines. Separate sacred from the profane, appear during mid-Heian period. traditionally wood or stone and usually red/orange (vermillion). |
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| Main worship hall in a shinto shrine. Larger/open to people who havepurified themelves |
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| REsiding place of the kami, closed to people |
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| an object which is the embodiment of the kami. ex: the mirror and Amaterasu. The physical manifestation of the Kami at Ise. |
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| Shinto-Buddhist Syncretism |
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| Reconciling of shinto and buddhist beliefs. Ex: kami as protectors, bodhisattvas, emanations of buddhas, etc. |
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| Restoration of Revivalist Shinto |
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| Nationalistic version of Shinto. Arose out of Scholastic Shinto--push back against foreign influences. Perfect distillation of Japanese Culture. Kuroda--no Japanese mind separate from the mixed layers. |
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| Attempts to describe the nature of Kami. Talking about how it can include almost anything from humans to rocks, and how not all were equal. Scholar during the Edo period. |
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| Siddartha Gautama, lived during 5th century BCE, born in nepal, prince of his kingdom, realizations in his twenties lead to an ascetic life, pursuit of enlightenment, bodhgaya, preaching, 80 years, dies of food poisoning, parinirvana. |
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| The teaching(s) of the buddha--includes impermanence, suffering (created through attachment/clinging or through ignorance/illusion) , rebirth, no-self (anatman), karma, ethical action, meditation, and wisdom. One of the three Jewels (triratna) |
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| Reincarnation-Samsara, 6 realms of rebirth, breaking of the cycle is Nirvana. |
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| Sayings, doings, teachings of the Buddha. Different accounts. One of the three Jewels. (triratna) |
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| the "lesser vehicle" (pejorative term created by Mahayana practitioners). Includes Theravadan Buddhism. Stress on the arhant, someone who comes to grips with the suffering of the world, best way to deal is to withdraw from it and achieve nirvana. |
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| "The Greater Vehicle." Includes Chinese and Japanese Buddhisms. Stress on the Bodhisattva. Population explosion of deities and bodhisattvas. |
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| "Emptiness", Buddhisms inherent pessimistic outlook. Development from anatman. Everything has a tentative identity relative to everything around it. |
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| Clerical vs. Lay Buddhism |
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| ...um duh. Monks versus Laypeople. Monastaries vs. daily life. Pretty much inferrable. |
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| One of the ways different sects of Buddhism flooded into china, causing an explosion of Buddhas and Deities, |
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| Influx of Buddhism into china through sea, Silk Road, Tibet. Had to reconcile itself with Taoism and Confucianism. |
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| Emphasis on Loyalty, Humanity, Filial piety, gender and family roles. |
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| Korean Emperor sent Buddhist images to the Soga Clan in 585 CE, build a shrine and three daughters put in charge--first Buddhist nuns in Japan. An offshoot of the imperial household. Pro Buddhism, Pro korea. |
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| prominently featured in the Nihonshoki along with the Nakatomi. Closely associated with the military. |
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| Commissioned by the Emperor Shomu, one in each province. |
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| The World is Illusion, the Buddha alone is Real |
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| Last words of Shotoku-Taishi i think? |
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| Oldest standing wood building. Originally commissioned by Shotoku. |
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| Great Buddha outside of temple bronze statue of Amida Buddha, dates from Kamakura period. |
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| Dainichi/the possibility of Achieving Buddhaood in this very body |
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| Cosmic buddha, out of which all is an emanation. Manifested through- 6 elements-fire, earth, air, water, mind and something else, 4 mandala-diamond (in particular, four leftmost mandalas in the diamond mandala), womb, 3 mysteries-the three types of action. Buddhahood can be attained because everything, being an emanation of Dainichi, already as Buddhahood within it. |
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| Hojiki--important short work from the kamakura period written by Kamo No Chomei in 1212. Describes various disaster befalling Kyoto (Heian Period?) emphasis on impermanence. |
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| Diamond and Womb Mandalas |
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| Two realms of esoteric buddhism. Together they form "the Mandala of Two Realms" and the foundation of Shingon Buddhism. |
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| Visual stimuli, meditation aid, Buddha in the center emanating out. Allows for better/easier concentration on a particular Deity. Inviting a Deity to a meal. |
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| Symbolic hand gestures, one of the three elements of ritual (along with verbal and mental action--mantra and mandala) |
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| Verbal action, incantation, used to help meditation. Most famous one in japan was originally sanskrit, transliterated into Chinese, then imitated by Japanese syllables. |
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