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scramble information
science of transforming information into a secure form so that it can be transmitted or stored and unauthorized persons cannot access it. |
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hides the existence of the data
what appears to be a harmless image can contain hidden data, usually some type of message, embedded within the image. takes the data, divides it into smaller sections and hides it in unused portions of the file |
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| data that is used to describe the content or structure of the actual data |
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| Changing original text into a secret message using cryptography |
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| Changing secret message back to original form |
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| Data stored or transmitted without encryption |
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Data to be encrypted
Input into an encryption algorithm
data input into an encryption algorithm |
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| Has no formatting such as bolding or underline. |
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Mathematical value entered into the algorithm to produce ciphertext (scrambled text)
Reverse process uses the key to decrypt the message |
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| data that has been encrypted |
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| 5 basic functions of cryptology |
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confidentiality
integrity
availability
authenticity
nonredudiation |
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| process of proving that a user performed an action, such as sending an email message or a specific document |
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| Insures information is correct and unaltered |
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| Most basic type of cryptographic algorithm |
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Takes plaintext of any length and creates 128 bit hash
Padding added to make short messages 128 bits
Considered too slow today and rarely used |
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| Message length padded to 512 bits |
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Adopted by standards organizations
recent cryptographic has function |
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| Understanding symmetric algorithms |
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Same shared single key used to encrypt and decrypt document
designed to encrypt and decrypt the ciphertext, key must be kept confidential |
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Takes a character and replaces it with a character
Simplest type: substitution cipher |
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| Rearranges letters without changing them |
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| Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) |
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Widely used asymmetric cryptography system
Used for files and e-mails on Windows systems |
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Runs on Windows, UNIX, and Linux
open source |
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| Microsoft Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) |
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Cryptography system for Windows
Uses NTFS file system
Tightly integrated with the file system
Encryption and decryption transparent to the user
Users can set encryption attribute for a file in the Advanced Attributes dialog box |
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Term
DES
data encryption standard |
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Definition
| first widely popular symmetric cryptography algorithms |
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