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Issues in american government
Key words from chapter one of issues in american government text book.
33
History
9th Grade
09/17/2009

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Term
Nation-state
Definition
Where both state and nation coincide for a classification.
Term
Consenus
Definition
An agreement between the people
Term
Nation
Definition
A group who are untied by bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes religion.
Term
soverignty
Definition
The supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries.
Term
government
Definition
The institution that through which states maintain social order, provide public services, and enforce binding decisions on citizens.
Term
social contract
Definition
A theory that by contract, people give to the state the power needed to maintain social order, provide public services, and enforce binding decisions on citizens.
Term
unitary system
Definition
A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government.
Term
federal system
Definition
A government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments.
Term
confederacy
Definition
A loose union of independent states.
Term
constitution
Definition
A document that states the powers and limitations of the government.
Term
constitutional government
Definition
A government in which a constitution has authority to place clearly recognized limits on the powers of those who govern.
Term
preamble
Definition
A statement in a constitution that sets forth the goals and purposes of government.
Term
constitutional law
Definition
Law that involves the interpretation and application of the U.S constitution and state constitutions.
Term
politics
Definition
The effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government.
Term
industrialized nation
Definition
A nation with large industries and advances in technology that provides a more comfortable way of life thank developing nations.
Term
developing nation
Definition
A nation only beginning to develop industrially
Term
autocracy
Definition
A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual.
Term
monarchy
Definition
Autocracy in which a king, queen, or emperor exercises supreme powers of government.
Term
oligarchy
Definition
A system of government in which a small group holds power.
Term
democracy
Definition
A government in which the people rule.
Term
republic
Definition
A government in which voters hold sovereign power; elected representatives, responsible to the people, exercise that power.
Term
political party
Definition
A group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, and determine public policy.
Term
free enterprise
Definition
The opportunity to control one's own economic decisions.
Term
economics
Definition
The study of human efforts to satisfy seemingly unlimited wants through the use of limited resources.
Term
capitalism
Definition
An economic system providing free choice and individual incentive for workers, investors, consumers, and business enterprises.
Term
free market
Definition
Economic system in which buyers and sellers make free choices in the market place.
Term
laisez-faire
Definition
The philosophy that government should keep it's hands off the economy.
Term
socialism
Definition
An economic system in which the government owns the basic means of production, distributes the products and wages, and provides social services such as health care for the workers.
Term
bourgeoisie
Definition
Capitalists who own then means production.
Term
proletariat
Definition
Workers who produce the goods.
Term
communism
Definition
An economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions.
Term
command economy
Definition
An economic system in which the government controls the factors of production.
Term
state
Definition
A political community, that occupies a territory and has an organized government, that has power to make and enforce laws without permission from higher authority.
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