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Definition
| New Species appear because they are in a different location |
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Definition
Even toed or Hooved animals
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Definition
| When both eyes are used together |
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Disadvantages of Bipedalism
(3)
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Definition
1. S-shaped spine
2. Slow on the ground
3. Birthing difficulties |
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Term
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Definition
| Random loss of genetic material that was present in a parent population, caused when a small subsection of the population is separated from the rest of the population |
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Term
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Definition
| Moving arms with a freely roating shoulder joint |
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Term
| Calvin Affect/Panglossian Paradigm |
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Definition
Imaginative and often satisfying explanations of evolutionary adaptations (hominids did this because... )
Do not provide a means to rigidly test these hypotheses
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Term
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Definition
| Gap between teeth, this space is there so that the jaw may close in animals with fang like teeth |
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Definition
-Recognizing relationships between species based on traits inherited form a common ancestor
-Relationships are only expressed in relation to common ancestor |
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Term
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Definition
1. mysticism
2. empirialism
3. rationalism |
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Term
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Definition
Private knowledge based on faith that cannot be tested by any other means
-only the appearance of a creator would help evaluate the accuracy of such explanations
-supernatural way to explain day to day occurances |
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Term
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Definition
Knowledge gained through the deductive method
observation->logic and reasoning->can be critiqued
deductive method |
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Term
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Definition
Knowledge gained by inductive (scientific) method
1.observe
2.hypothesize
3.test
4.observe |
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Term
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Definition
Traits that may persist for generations and become useful only at a later date
ex. vocal tract |
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Term
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Definition
Reduced Evolutionary phenomena to generation-by generation changes
created the expectatio that evolutionary change in the fossil record would be gradual
explained discontinuities in the fossil record saying that there were "gaps"
eventually replace by model of punctual equilibrium |
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Term
Occams Razor/Rule of Parsimony
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Definition
| All things being equal the simplest explantation is typically the correct explanation |
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Term
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Definition
"Bone, tooth, horn"
-Tools that were used by paranthropus to dig |
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Term
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Definition
Hominid with huge molars and strong jaw
vegetarian
first skull discovered by Mary Leakey in Tanzania |
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Term
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Definition
-hominid with large molar teeth
-lived in south africa
-indications toward bipedalism
-hand characteristics indicate that they animal may have been anle to make use stone tools |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of systemics used to classify species together based on similarities |
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Term
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Definition
| Island decimated by Typhoon Lengkieki, one survivor had a trait for color blindness, today 3,000 people do |
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Term
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Definition
The study of the sequence in which sedimentary rocks are were laid down
-the layers may be distorted due to folding
-Layers can be matched over great distances |
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Definition
| System of determining relationships between all organisms living and dead |
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Term
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Definition
The study of what happened to an indivudial after death
forensic anthropology |
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Term
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Definition
Using the purpose of something as an explantation instead of using postulated causes
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Term
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Definition
| Each volcano has its own chemical makeup making the layers of valcanic deposits tracable not only by which volcano but also by aproximate dates |
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Term
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Definition
| A set of assumptions about how things work, different cultures have different sets of assumption |
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Term
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Definition
| When wha science thought of as "fact" is proven wrong and a new idea replaces it |
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Term
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Definition
| How you go about measuring time |
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Term
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Definition
-Major natural catastrophies caused the different layers in fossils
-also thought that processes that would take millions year today happened at a different rate in the past because different natural laws were in place |
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Term
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Definition
| Said that change was gradual and steady and that change happened at the same rate so there should be a gradual change within a species |
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Term
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Definition
| long period of stability interspersed with periods of rapid change |
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Term
| Theory of Acquired Characteristics |
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Definition
| If an individual acquired a trait it would be passed down |
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Term
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Definition
| study of populations within species to examine and quanitfy processes of of evolutionary change using population genetics |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of higher categories into which species are group ot examine and quantify PATTERNS of evoluitionary change using systemics |
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Term
Distinctive Features of..?
-Binocular vision
-supra-orbital ridges
-mobile forelimbs and elongated rear limbs
-grasping hands
-nails instead of claws
-snout |
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Definition
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Term
Distictive features of...?
-quadrapedal
-+4 molars
-tails
-noses
-catarrhini (narrow nose)
-fully opposable thumb |
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Definition
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Term
Distinctive features of...?
-quadrapedal
-+4 molars
-prehensile (grasping) tails
-platyrrhini (flat nose)
-fully opposable thumbs |
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Definition
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Term
Distinctive features of...?
-knuckle walking
-+5 molars
-no tail
-brachiated |
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Definition
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Term
distinctive features of...?
-long narrow pelvis
-long forearms
-opposable big toe
-curved shape of back |
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Definition
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Term
Gibbons, gorrillas, and chimpanzees share:
1.
2.
3. |
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Definition
+5 molars
brachiation
knuckle walking |
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Term
humans and hominids share:
1.
2.
3.
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Definition
y-5 molars
brachiation
bipedal |
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