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servant/slave
-- used in many Muslim names in combination with one of the names of God, as in 'Abd al-Malik meaning Servant of God |
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literally 'piebald'
-- used especially of twp-tone marble decoration |
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father (of)
-- used in many Muslim names in combination with name of son |
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| geometricized vegetal ornament |
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| guardian of a prince, often a governor |
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| son of (Americanized/Arabic) |
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gate
-- also used in a spiritual sense |
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| blessing; a quality of divine grace dispensed by God and by those whom he selects |
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| the name given to the leaders of the Muslim community |
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Term
| cami/jami'/masjid-i jami' |
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| Friday Mosque (Turkish/Arabic/Persian) |
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| lodging place for travellers, merchants and their goods; often fortified and situated on a trade route |
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| decorative motifs derived from Chinese sources |
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| silver coin (later copper) |
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| governemnt office or ministry; royal reception chamber; collection of poems |
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| opening chapter of the Qur'an |
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| collective body of traditions relating to Muhammad and his Companions; they constitute one of the sources of guidance for Muslims |
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| steam baths; bathing establishment for the public |
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| Muhammad's emigration from Mecca to Medina in 622; the date which marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar |
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| having a roof supported by multiple columns -- a standard type of Mosque |
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| a Mongol ruler, subordinate to the Great Mongol Khan |
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| spiritual leader; prayer leader; descendant of 'Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, leader of the Shi'ite community |
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| submitting oneself to the will of Allah |
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| members of the Shi'ite group who believe that the legitimate succession of imams includes the seventh imam Isma'il |
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| vaulted or flat-roofed hall, open at one end; often used to mean simply a covered hall in a mosque or a palace |
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| holy war against unbelievers |
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| quintet of books (Persian) |
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| lodging place for travellers; prince, lord |
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| residential Sufi convent, often with an additional funerary function |
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| bidding prayer or sermon delivered in the mosque at midday prayers on fridays |
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| angular style of Arabic script |
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| a typically Ottoman foundation comprising multiple buildings, centered on a mosque but with a strong educational or welfare bent |
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| an institution for the study of the Orthodox Islamic sciences |
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| the Muslim world in North Africa west of and including Tunisia |
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| open public squares or plaza, central ceremonial space |
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| slave (often also used of manumitted slaves) |
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| private enclosure in the mosque, usually for the ruler |
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| window grille or screen of turned wood, often with geometrical or interlaced designs |
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| mosque (literally, 'place of prostration') |
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| arched niche, usually concave but somtimes flat, indicating the direction of Mecca and thus of prayer |
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| pottery in which colors are applied both under and over the glaze |
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| the tower of a mosque from which the faithful are called to prayer |
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| stepped pulpit in a mosque, used for the pronouncement of the khutba |
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| the ascent of the Prophet Muhammad into heaven |
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| a place where Muslims worship |
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| a majestic Qur'anic cursive script |
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| honeycomb or stalactite vaultingmade up of individual cells or small arches |
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| a person who follows the religion of Islam |
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| a book of writing (Persian) |
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| cursive style of Arabic script, a scribal hand |
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| 'hanging' script characterized by wide sweeps and loops (Persian) |
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| lofty arch framing an iwan, hence monumental portal |
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| a judge, usually in matters of civil law |
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| direction of prayer i.e. to the Black Stone in the Ka'ba in Mecca |
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| God's Word, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad; the primary source of Islamic law |
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| a fortified Muslim monastery or frontier post |
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| interior court, usually of a mosque |
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| literally 'Book of Kings'; the Persian national epic composed by Firdausi and completed c. 1010 |
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| leader, whether tribal or religious; highly venerated man |
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| generic term for a series of sects not regarded as part of orthodox Islam; they all recognize 'Ali as the first legitimate caliph |
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| mythical bird, like a Phoenix |
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| an arch spanning the corners of a square chamber and acting as a support for the dome |
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| a formalized and elongated version of naskhi script |
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| inscribed fabrics made in state workshop and often presented by the ruler to those he wished to honor |
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| monogram of the sultan (Turkish) |
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| the most numerous branch of the Shi'ites in modern times; they believe that the legitimate succession of imams ended with the twelfth imam Muhammad al-Mahdi |
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| those who possess knowledge; scholars of Islamic theology and law; clerics; the learned class |
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