Term
| (1)What is the correct listing of levels of the biological organization from smallest to greatest? |
|
Definition
| Individual>Population>Community>Ecosystem>Biosphere. |
|
|
Term
| (1)Homeostasis means _______________. |
|
Definition
| A self-correcting internal environment of a living organism. |
|
|
Term
| (1)Which one of the following is not one of the kingdoms of life? |
|
Definition
A) Bacteria
B) Animals
C) Fungi
D) Cells*
E) Plants |
|
|
Term
| (1)What are the basic components of all living organisms? |
|
Definition
A. Nucleic Acids
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Carbohydrates
E. All of the above* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A The relatively constant and self-correcting internal environment of a living organism. |
|
|
Term
| (1)What is not a part of the domain Eukarya? |
|
Definition
A. Protists
B. Fungi
C. Viruses*
D. Animals
E. None of the above |
|
|
Term
| (1)Individuals of the same species living in a distinct geographic area is defined as. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)Rosy Periwinkle of Madagascar contains two chemicals used to treat... |
|
Definition
| Leukemia and Hodgkins disease. |
|
|
Term
| (1)Which of the following is NOT a basic characteristic of all living things? |
|
Definition
A) Living things grow and reproduce.
B) Living things contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
C) Living things maintain homeostasis.
D) Living things eat to get nutrients.*
E) Living things are composed of cells. |
|
|
Term
| (1)What is the correct order of the levels of organization of life? |
|
Definition
| Molecule - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Individual - Population - Community - Ecosystem - Biosphere. |
|
|
Term
| (1)Variables are elements of research which. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)What is the innocuous, nondrug, substance made to look like the drug being tested that is given to the control group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)The order of the scientific process is: |
|
Definition
| Observation, hypothesis, experimentation, drawing conclusions, revising hypothesis, and designing new experiments. |
|
|
Term
| (1)Groups of similar cells that perform the same functions are known as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)Molds and mushrooms are a part of what kingdom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)The following are characteristics all living things share, EXCEPT: |
|
Definition
A. Composed of cells
B. Use energy and raw materials
C. Reproduce
D. Consume food*
E. Respond |
|
|
Term
| (1)All of the following are "Kingdoms of Life", EXCEPT: |
|
Definition
A. Homosapien*
B. Bacteria
C. Animals
D. Plants
E. Archaea
F. Fungi |
|
|
Term
| (1)The first step of the scientific method is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1)What is the primary function of a population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)A protein is made of one or more chains of ____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)What is unnecessary to keep ourselves healthy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)An ionic bond results from which of the following? |
|
Definition
| Mutual attraction of identically charged ions. |
|
|
Term
| (2)Which is NOT a quality of water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)One glucose molecule produces |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)The most common foodborne infections in the United States are caused by: |
|
Definition
A. Salmonella
B. Campylobacter
C. Escherichia coli O157:H7
D. All of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (2)What must all energy (from the breakdown of molecules) be channeled through before it can be used in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)Which of these has one end that is hydrophobic and one end that is hydrophilic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)A polymer is a ________. |
|
Definition
| Large molecule made of many smaller molecules called monomers. |
|
|
Term
| (2)A carbohydrate is known commonly as a.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)Among the lipids structure which one has an affinity for water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)What type of bond occurs from the mutual attraction between two opposite charged ions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)Substances that keep pH values from changing dramatically are called: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)What does a steroid's structure consist of? |
|
Definition
| Four carbon rings attached to a molecule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a. keep pH levels from changing dramatically
b.remove excess H+ from solution when concentrations of H+ decrease
c.add H+ when concentrations of H+ decrease
d.keep biochemical reactions in humans to a pH level of around 7
e. all of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (2)According to the food guide pyramid, which type of food is the most needed in life (the biggest stage)? |
|
Definition
| Grains – (bread, cereal, rice). |
|
|
Term
| (2)The atomic number of an atom is based on ________. |
|
Definition
| The number of protons in the atoms nucleus. |
|
|
Term
| (2)At home, good food safety practices for food handling can be sorted into: |
|
Definition
a. Chilling
b. Cooking
c. Separation
d. Cleanliness
e. All of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (2)Which of the followings are included in Nutritional genomics? |
|
Definition
| Nutrigenetic and Nutrigenomics. |
|
|
Term
| (2)Nucleotides are joined into chains through: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)Which of the following is one of the main products located in the cytoplasm during the glycolysis phase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (2)Which of the following is correct description of Amino Acid? |
|
Definition
| The building blocks of proteins. |
|
|
Term
| (2)What are the bases of ribose? |
|
Definition
a. adenine
b.guanine
c. cytocil
d. uracil
e. ALL OF THE ABOVE* |
|
|
Term
| (2)Sometimes changes in the environment of a protein cause the molecule to unravel and lose its three dimensional shape. This process is known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Cells use two catabolic pathways ____________ and ____________ to break down glucose and store its energy as ATP. |
|
Definition
| cellular respiration, fermentation. |
|
|
Term
| (3)Which is a difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells? |
|
Definition
| Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not. |
|
|
Term
| (3)Which of the following provides the cell with energy through the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Where is the areola tissue found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane? |
|
Definition
a) Maintain structural integrity of the cell
b) Regulate movement of substances in and out of cells
c) Provide Recognition between cells
d) Stick cells together to form tissues and organs
e) Perform cellular respiration* |
|
|
Term
| (3)What is the primary function of lysosomes? |
|
Definition
| Destroys old or defective cell parts. |
|
|
Term
| (3)Why is it important that cells have a small volume? |
|
Definition
| To minimize energy expenditure. |
|
|
Term
| (3)What structure on a prokaryotic cell functions for movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)What is the process where a substance moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the aid of a membrane protein? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)what is a special type of diffusion in which water moves across a plasma membrane from a region of higher concentration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Which of the following is contained in the nucleus of a cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Which of the following is NOT a phase of cellular respiration? |
|
Definition
a)transition reaction
b)glycolosis
c)citric acid cycle
d)electron transport train
e)exocytosis* |
|
|
Term
| (3)DNA contains a code responsible for the production of what biological macromolecules? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Which of the following is/are a part of the cell theory? |
|
Definition
a) Cells are the smallest unit of life
b) Cells make up all living things
c) New cells arise from preexisting cells
d) Both A and B
e) All of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (3)Which organelle contains almost all the genetic information and influences cellular structure and function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)In which organelle does cellular respiration occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)Because they do not require energy “Facilitated Diffusion” and “Osmosis” are forms of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)In ___ cells engulf large particles or bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)What are the three types of fibers that make up the cytoskeleton? |
|
Definition
| Microfilaments, Microtubles, Intermediate Filaments. |
|
|
Term
| (3)What is the structure of the plasma membrane called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)In some regions the Endoplasmic Reticulum is studded with ribosomes and because of this it is called ___? |
|
Definition
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. |
|
|
Term
| (3)What is a pathway by which cells can harvest energy in the absence of oxygen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (3)What organelle sorts, modifies, and packages products of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A. An inherited Condition
B. a condition where an individual's melanocytes are unable to produce melanin
C. Found in about 1 in 10,000 people
D. Not specific to a particular race
E. A condition that causes peoples eyes and skin to be a pinkish color
F. All of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (4)which of the following is not a characteristic of our skin? |
|
Definition
a.protects us from harmful environmental substances such as UV rays and chemicals
b. produces vitamin D
c. color of skin does not depend on the amount of melanin present*
d. skin is water resistant
e. skin consists of two main layers |
|
|
Term
| (4)Homeostasis is maintained primarily by: |
|
Definition
| Negative feedback mechanisms. |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of the list below is not the type of human tissues: |
|
Definition
A. Epithelial tissue;
B. Connective tissue;
C. Ground tissue;
D. Epithelial tissue;
E. Vascular tissue;
F. C and E.* |
|
|
Term
| (4)These line the thoracic and abdominal cavities and the organs in them, secreting a fluid that lubricates the organs: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (4)The dermis contains all except: |
|
Definition
A. Blood vessels
B. Nerves
C. sweat glands
D. adipose tissue*
E. hair follicles |
|
|
Term
| (4)The body's temperature control center is located in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Functions in energy storage and insulation. |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of the list below is correct: |
|
Definition
B)The integumentary system is considered an organ system.
C)Tattoo is essentially permanent because the dermis is not shed
B and C are correct. |
|
|
Term
| (4)The integumentary system includes which of the following? |
|
Definition
a.)hair
b.)nails
c.)sweat glands
d.)oil glands
e.)all of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which muscle tissue contracts and propels blood through the circulatory system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (4)What are sometimes called the integumentary system? |
|
Definition
| The skin and its derivatives - hair, nails, oil glands, and sweat glands; |
|
|
Term
| (4)Where are tight junctions between cells found? |
|
Definition
| in the linings of the intestines and urinary track. |
|
|
Term
| (4)What brain region is the control center for body temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (4)Which is not characteristic of Integumentary system? |
|
Definition
a) It protects underlying tissues.
b) It provides skin sensation.
c) It helps regulate body temperature.
d) It synthesizes vitamin D.
e) It transports nutrients, respiratory gases, wastes, and heat.* |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of the following is NOT a component of the integumentary system? |
|
Definition
a. epidermis
b. oil glands
c. tissue*
d. hair
e. epithelial cells |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of these is not a characteristic of smooth muscle? |
|
Definition
A) cells tapered at each end, one nucleus
b) pumps blood through the body*
c) involuntary contraction
d) found in tubes such as blood vessels
e) when arranged in circle, control diameter of tube |
|
|
Term
| (4)which of the following is not one of our primary types of tissue |
|
Definition
a. muslce tissue
b. integumentary tissue*
c. nervous tissue
d. epithelial tissue
e. connective tissue |
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of these is not a response to drop in body temperature? |
|
Definition
a) skeletal muscles contract repeatedly
b) piloerection
c) increased metabolic activity
d) blood vessels contract
e) sweat glands increase activity* |
|
|
Term
| (4)What kind of tissue covers body surfaces, lines body cavities and organs, and forms glands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (4)Which of these is not a type of membrane? |
|
Definition
a) mucous membrane
b) serous membrane
c) synovial membrane
d) cellular membrane*
e) cutaneous membrane |
|
|
Term
| (4)What is the skin tissue hardened by in order to form nails? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chemical messenger of the endocrine system |
|
|
Term
| (10)Steroid hormones are... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)Located at the center of the brain, this tiny glad produces melatonin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)Which of the following is not a secretion of the pituitary gland? |
|
Definition
a) growth hormone
b) prolactin
c) estrogen*
d) follicle-stimulating hormone
d) luteinizing hormone |
|
|
Term
| (10)Define: Thyroid Gland |
|
Definition
| shield-shaped structure at the front of the neck that synthesizes and secrets thyroid hormone and calcitonin. |
|
|
Term
| (10)What is the product of the Adrenal Medulla? |
|
Definition
| Norepinephrine and epinephrine. |
|
|
Term
| (10)Which of the following is not true of Oxytocin? |
|
Definition
| not produced by the hypothalamus. |
|
|
Term
| (10)What part of the endocrine system has the main function of decreasing urine output in order to conserve the amount of water in the body? |
|
Definition
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). |
|
|
Term
| (10)what gland is responsible for regulating metabolsim? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10) Which of the following is not true of Oxytocin? |
|
Definition
a) stimulates uterine contractions
b) stimulates milk ejection
c) produced by men and women
d) not produced by the hypothalamus* |
|
|
Term
| (10)What is the main product of the endocrine system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)What gland is connected to the endocrine organ connected to the hypothalmus by a short stalk. Consists of the anterior and posterior lobes and is also called hypophysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10) Where is the Pancreas located in the human body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)Which of the following is not influenced by hormones? |
|
Definition
A. Growth
B. Behavior
C. Metabolism
D. Body Temperature*
E. Behavior |
|
|
Term
| (10)What is the main reason why someone is diagnosed with a Goiter? |
|
Definition
| Inadequate iodine in diet. |
|
|
Term
| (10)What Hormone does the Pineal Gland Secret? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the composition of the formed elements? |
|
Definition
| Red blood cell, white blood cell, platelets. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the cause of Anemia? |
|
Definition
| disorder of the red blood cell. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What is a red blood cells function? |
|
Definition
| transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
|
|
Term
| (11)Plasma makes up about _ % of blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)When blood is put into a centrifuge and spun it divides as follows from top to bottom: |
|
Definition
| plasma, platelets and white blood cells, red blood cells. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the final step of clotting? |
|
Definition
| fibrin network traps red blood cells and platelets ,forming a blood clot. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the straw-colored liquid that makes up about 55% of blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)Blood types are determined by antigens on the surface of red blood cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)Which of the following is specialized connective tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)All of these are disorders of white blood cells except: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)Where do all form elements come from? |
|
Definition
| stem cells located in red bone marrow. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What percentage does plasma make up in blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)______ is a result of low oxygen carrying capacity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the name of the condition where the blood's ability to carry oxygen is reduced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)What element does red blood cells transport in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)Approximately how many molecules of hemoglobin are packed in to each red blood cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)Which Granulocytes are responsible for the release of histamine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancer of the white blood cell in which the amount of them increases to an unhealthy amount. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What are formed elements that are essential to blood clotting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)How long does a red blood cell live for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (11)What are white blood cells? |
|
Definition
| Cells which provide protection from infectious diseases. |
|
|
Term
| (11)What is the body's immediate response to blood vessel injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)What two types can blood pressure be broken into? |
|
Definition
| Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. |
|
|
Term
| (12)Which of the following is NOT TRUE about hypertension? |
|
Definition
A. Hypertension is considered a cardiovascular disease
B. Hypertension always produces obvious symptoms*
C. As a result of hypertension, the heart enlarges, but it works less efficiently
D. Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure
E. Hypertension can have can have fatal consequences, involving the heart, brain, blood vessels, or kidneys |
|
|
Term
| (12)The arteries do which of the following: |
|
Definition
| Carry blood away from the heart |
|
|
Term
| (12) Which of the following is not a way to treat High Blood Pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Which pumps blood away from the heart? |
|
Definition
| Capillaries, artery, arterioles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A contraction of the heart muscle. |
|
|
Term
| (12)Which choice is one of the functions of the lymphatic system? |
|
Definition
| Helps defend the body from disease-causing organisms. |
|
|
Term
| (12)What carries blood away from the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)How many capillaries are typically found in a bed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood Vessels that return blood to the heart. |
|
|
Term
| (12)What percentage of High Blood Pressure cases have no known cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Which mechanism(s) moves blood from the lower parts of the body to the heart? |
|
Definition
- Valves in the vein that prevent the back flow of blood.
- Breathing which causes pressure changes in the body that pumps blood towards the heart.
-Contraction of skeletal muscles that squeeze the veins.
- None of the above
- All answers (excluding "None of the Above")* |
|
|
Term
| (12)What is the function of the pulmonary veins? |
|
Definition
| to carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
|
|
Term
| (12)Which part of the circulatory system carry's blood to the heart, and which part of the circulatory system carries blood away from the heart? |
|
Definition
| Veins carry to the heart, while Arteries carry away from the heart |
|
|
Term
| (12)The lymphatic vessels (part of the lymphatic system through which the lymph flows) are studded with ________ that help cleanse the lymph as it filters through: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Atherosclerosis is a: |
|
Definition
| buildup of lipids in an artery. |
|
|
Term
| (12)What is/are the function(s) of the elastic fibers in the middle layer of an artery? |
|
Definition
a) They help the artery tolerate the pressure shock caused by blood surging into it when the heart contracts.
b) They enable the artery to contract.
c) They help maintain a relatively even pressure within the artery.
d) They enable a process called vasodilation.
e) A and C* |
|
|
Term
| (12)Which of the following sentences correctly describe the method of the heart beat: |
|
Definition
| Ventricles and atria are relaxed and fill passively at the stage of "early diastole". |
|
|
Term
| (12)Select the best term that completes the statement. Contraction of skeletal muscle squeezes ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Blood returning from the lungs enters the heart through the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)How do you clear a blocked artery? |
|
Definition
| You stick a balloon in the artery and compress the plaque. |
|
|
Term
| (12)What is the pathway of blood through the body? |
|
Definition
| Heart, Artery, Arteriole, Capillary, Venule, Vein, Heart. |
|
|
Term
| (12)Which arteries are responsible for supplying the heart with oxygen and nutrients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)What carries blood from the lower body back to the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)The two types of blood pressure are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12) _____________are located between each atrium & ventricle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (12)Blood pressure is the force blood exerts against _______ walls. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)An overreaction by the body's immune system to an antigen would be called a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)What cells are referred to as "scavenger" cells that engulf damaged tissue, pathogens and dead cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)Helper T cells are used in which step of the immune response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)In the immune response there are two cells, one is a free antibody and the other is a cellular antibody. What are these two cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The purpose of a macrophage is to... |
|
Definition
| digest and engulf pathogens. |
|
|
Term
| (13)A second type of white blood cell ______ attacks pathogens that are too large to be consumed by phagocytosis, such as parasitic worms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The Body's first line of defense can consist of which organ? |
|
Definition
A. The stomach
B. Large Intestine
C. Bladder
D. Respiratory Tract
E. All of the Above* |
|
|
Term
| (13)Which is the most abundant antibody? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)What is a cardinal sign of inflammation? |
|
Definition
A- Swelling.
B- Fever.
C- Pain.
D- Heat.
E- Pain and swelling.
F- All are signs of inflammation* |
|
|
Term
| (13)Within the macrophage, the engulfed material is digested into smaller pieces. This occurs in which step of the immune response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The second line of defense consists of nonspecific internal defenses against any pathogen that breaks through the physical and chemical barriers and enters the body. This second line of defense includes: |
|
Definition
all of the above.
(it didn't include the other options) |
|
|
Term
| (13)Monoclonal antibodies are used for... |
|
Definition
a) home pregnancy tests.
b) detecting early stages of inhalation anthrax infection.
c) screening many diseases.
d) cancer treatment.
e) All of the above* |
|
|
Term
| (13)The body is made up of three lines of defense. Each of the following are examples of the 1st Line of Defense EXCEPT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The first line of defense are: |
|
Definition
| PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL BARRIERS. |
|
|
Term
| (13)What triggers the immune system response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The body's second line of defense includes: |
|
Definition
| defensive cells, proteins, inflammation, and fever. |
|
|
Term
| (13)These cells remain and provide a quick response to the antigen in a future encounter |
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Definition
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Term
| (13)Why does redness occur in inflammation? |
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Definition
| blood vessels dilate, causing blood flow in the area to increase. |
|
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Term
| (13)The compliment system, when a complement protein forms holes in bacterium causing the bacterium to burst, is an example of: |
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Definition
| Nonspecific Internal Defense. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| (13)What is the body’s third line of defense? |
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Definition
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Term
| (13a)What is an example of a disease caused by prions? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)Pathogens responsible for emerging infectious diseases are spread to humans by: |
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Definition
Apes
Pests
Livestock
Aquatic Life
All of the above* |
|
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Term
| (13a)A type of infectious disease that is made up of misfolded versions of a harmless protein usually found on the end of nerve cells is called a(n) |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)These are chemicals that inhibit the growth of microorganisms working to reduce the number of bacteria or slow the growth rate of the population, allowing time for the body defenses to conquer the bacteria. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)What is a lytic infection? |
|
Definition
| When a cell explodes or bursts causing symptoms of illness. |
|
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Term
| (13a)In protein production, RNA is to______________ while DNA is to transcribed. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)The basic shapes of bacteria are: |
|
Definition
| rod-shaped, corkscrew-shaped, round. |
|
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Term
| (13a)If a pathogen is virulent, then it: |
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Definition
| Has a relatively strong ability to cause disease. |
|
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Term
| (13a)Why are infections today being more resistant to antibiotics than in the past? |
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Definition
| Doctors are over-prescribing antibiotics. |
|
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Term
| (13a)These are single-celled eukaryotic organisms with well-defined nuclei: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)Which of these is the cause of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| (13a)C.W.D. (Chronic Wasting Disease) spreads through herds of deer and elk in the United States and is caused by a (an): |
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Definition
|
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Term
| (13a)What is the body's first strategy for defending against foreign organisms and molecules or cancer cells? |
|
Definition
| Nonspecific physical and chemical surface barriers. |
|
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Term
| (13a)Of the following which is not a pathogen? |
|
Definition
a)bacteria
b)fungi
c)prions
d)red blood cells*
e)viruses |
|
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Term
| (13a)What is an characteristic is not part of the 3rd Line of Defense (Immune Response) ? |
|
Definition
a)destroy specific targets (disease causing organisms)
b)the lymphatic system produces cells responsible for immunity
c)remembers specific targets so that a quick response can be mounted if that target enters the body again
d)last line of defense in the body’s defense system
e)keep foreign organisms out of the body* |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Area that both food and air pass through. |
|
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Term
| (15)Which is not the neural on digestive activity’s effect? |
|
Definition
A release of saliva from salivary glands
B release of gastric juice and mucus from cells of stomach lining
C release of enzymes from small intestine into the small intestine
D decreased motility in small intestine*
E Increased motility in small intestine |
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Term
| (15)The digestive system consists of a long tube called the __________which starts at the mouth and contunues through the pharynx, esophagus,stomach, small intestine, large intestine. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| (15)Which of the following is not accurately describes characteristics of the digestive system? |
|
Definition
a. Liver produces bile to make chemical digestion easier.
b.The wall of small intestine contains circular folds.
c. Most chemical digestion and absorption occurs in the duodenum and the ileum in small intestine.*
d. Gallbladder stores bile and release it into small intestine.
e. The stomach is designed to liquefy food.
f. The pancreas produces several digestive enzymes that act in the small intestine |
|
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Term
| (15)What is NOT the characteristic of the pancreas? |
|
Definition
A.Gland located behind the stomach
B.Releases secretions into small intestine
C.Passageway for feces*
D.Secretes enzymes that digest all major nutrients
E.Secretes buffers that neutralize HCI from stomach
F.Digestive secretions include bicarbonate ions |
|
|
Term
| (15)Where does the gastrointestinal tract begin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)The digestive system is the organ system that digest and absorbs food. All of the following are true about basic structure of digestive system except: |
|
Definition
a. It consists of a long, hollow tube, caleed the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
b. The lumen is the hollow area of the tube that food and fluids travel through.
c. The mu...cosa is the innermost layer which the moist, mucus-secreting layer.
d. It has three layers of smooth muscle that allow to churn and mix food.*
e. It has layer called submucosa which consists of connective tissue containing blood vessels, lymph vessels. and nerves.
f. The muscularis is made up of two layers of smooth muscle- one circular and one longitudinal |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Peristalsis causes enamel erosion in our teeth. |
|
|
Term
| (15)What is salivary amylase? |
|
Definition
| An enzyme found in saliva. |
|
|
Term
| (15)What are the accessory organs in our digestive system? |
|
Definition
| liver, pancreas and gall bladder |
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following is not a part of the salivary glands? |
|
Definition
A： Parotid glands
B： Sublingual glands
C： Submandibular glands
D： Gastric glands* |
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following is not the function of stomach? |
|
Definition
A.Stores food
B.Secretes gastric juice
C.Play a role in swallowing*
D.Mixes food gastric juice
E.Protein digestion begins |
|
|
Term
| (15)What is the primary site of digestion and absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following are accessory organs that aid in the processes of digestion and absorption within the small intestine? |
|
Definition
| pancreas, liver, gallbladder. |
|
|
Term
| (15)What is the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment, despite changes in the surroundings? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following is NOT a part of the large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)What characteristic of the skeletal muscle is false? |
|
Definition
a. Long Cylindrical striated cells with many
b. Voluntary contraction
c. Pumps Blood through the body*
d. Most are found attached to the skeleton
e. Responsible for voluntary movement |
|
|
Term
| (15)The bone has many functions, which of the following is not one of them? |
|
Definition
a. Serves as lever for muscles to act on*
b. Protection and support for internal structures
c. Movement, in conjunction with muscles
d. Storage of lipids, calcium and phosphoruse
e. Production of blood cells |
|
|
Term
| (15)The human mouth has how many incisor teeth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)What cells produce the pigment called melanin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)The human mouth has how many canine teeth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)A protein consists of one or more chains of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (15)Which of the following is not a function of the stomach? |
|
Definition
regulating the release of food to the small intestines
B. storing food
C. pumping nutrients directly into the blood*
D. liquefying food
E. carrying out the initial chemical digestion of proteins |
|
|
Term
| (10)What gland is responsible for the regulation of Metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)Hormones from the endocrine system only affect which cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (10)Hormones influence all of the following except: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)Four Signs of Inflammation are; Redness, Pain, Heat, and _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)Interferons special characteristic is to _________? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13)The third line of defense special mechanism targets ________ pathogens. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (13) In a ___________ Immunity a person receives antibodies that were produced by another person or animal. |
|
Definition
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