Term
Enterprise resource planning –
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Definition
integrates all departments and functions throughout an organization into a single IT system (or integrated set of IT systems) so that employees can make enterprisewide decisions by viewing enterprisewide information on all business operations
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Term
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Definition
traditional components included in most ERP systems and they primarily focus on internal operations
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Term
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Definition
| extra components that meet the organizational needs not covered by the core components and primarily focus on external operations |
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Term
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Definition
1.Accounting and finance
2.Production and materials management
3.Human resource
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Term
| Accounting and Finance ERP Components |
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Definition
manages accounting data and financial processes within the enterprise with functions such as general ledger, accounts payable, accounts receivable, budgeting, and asset management
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| Human resource ERP component – |
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Definition
| tracks employee information including payroll, benefits, compensation, performance assessment, and assumes compliance with the legal requirements of multiple jurisdictions and tax authorities |
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Term
Extended ERP components include:
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Definition
Business intelligence
Customer relationship management
Supply chain management
E-business |
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| Production and materials management ERP component – |
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Definition
| handles the various aspects of production planning and execution such as demand forecasting, production scheduling, job cost accounting, and quality control |
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Definition
E-logistics – manages the transportation and storage of goods
E-procurement – the business-to-business (B2B) purchase and sale of supplies and services over the Internet |
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Term
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Definition
| SAP boasts 20,000 installations and 10 million users worldwide |
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Term
| ERP solutions are growing because |
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Definition
-ERP is a logical solution to the mess of incompatible applications that had sprung up in most businesses
-ERP addresses the need for global information sharing and reporting
-ERP is used to avoid the pain and expense of fixing legacy systems
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Term
Successful ERP projects share 3 attributes
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Definition
-Overall fit
Off the rack
Off the rack and tailored to fit
Custom made
-Proper business analysis
Successful companies spend up to 10 percent of the project budget on a business analysis
-Solid implementation plans
A plan is needed to monitor the quality, objectives, and timelines |
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Term
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Definition
1.Integrate financial information
2.Integrate customer order information
3.Standardize and speed up manufacturing processes
4.Reduce inventory
5.Standardize human resource information |
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Term
SCM, CRM, and ERP are the backbone of e-business
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| several different types of software which sit in the middle of and provide connectivity between two or more software applications |
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Term
| Enterprise application integration (EAI) middleware – |
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Definition
| packages together commonly used functionality which reduced the time necessary to develop solutions that integrate applications from multiple vendors |
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Term
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Definition
supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information
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Term
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Definition
an organization’s key strength, a business function that it does better than any of its competitors
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Term
Core competency strategy –
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Definition
organization chooses to focus specifically on its core competency and forms partnerships with other organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes
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Term
Information partnership –
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Definition
occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer
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Term
The Internet has dramatically increased the ease and availability for IT-enabled organizational alliances and partnerships
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Definition
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Term
Collaboration systems include:
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Definition
-Knowledge management systems
-Content management systems
-Workflow management systems
-Groupware systems
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Term
Knowledge management (KM) –
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Definition
involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions
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Term
Knowledge management system (KMS) –
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Definition
supports the capturing and use of an organization’s “know-how”
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Term
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Definition
consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT
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Term
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Definition
knowledge contained in people’s heads
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Term
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Definition
less experienced staff observe more experienced staff to learn how their more experienced counterparts approach their work
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Term
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Definition
a novice and expert work together on a project
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Term
Knowledge management systems include:
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Definition
-Knowledge repositories (databases)
-Expertise tools
-E-learning applications
-Discussion and chat technologies
-Search and data mining tools
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Term
Social networking analysis (SNA) –
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Definition
a process of mapping a group’s contacts (whether personal or professional) to identify who knows whom and who works with whom
can help identify key experts
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Term
Content management system (CMS) –
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Definition
provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of information in a collaborative environment
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Term
CMS marketplace includes:
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Definition
Document management system (DMS)
Digital asset management system (DAM)
Web content management system (WCM)
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Term
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Definition
defines all the steps or business rules, from beginning to end, required for a business process
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Term
Workflow management system –
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Definition
facilitates the automation and management of business processes and controls the movement of work through the business process
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Term
Messaging-based workflow system –
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Definition
sends work assignments through an e-mail system
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Database-based workflow system –
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Definition
stores documents in a central location and automatically asks the team members to access the document when it is their turn to edit the document
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Term
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Definition
| software that supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing |
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Term
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Definition
the dominant form of collaboration application, but real-time collaboration tools like instant messaging are creating a new communication dynamic
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Term
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Definition
detailed set of business requests that the system must meet in order to be successful
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Term
Systems development life cycle (SDLC) –
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Definition
the overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance
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Term
There are a number of different software development methodologies including:
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Definition
Waterfall
Rapid application development (RAD)
Extreme programming
Agile
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Term
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Definition
a sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance
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Term
Rapid application development methodology (RAD) –
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Definition
| emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process |
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Term
| The prototype is an essential part of the...... |
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Definition
| ...analysis phase when using a RAD methodology |
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Term
Extreme programming (XP) methodology –
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Definition
| breaks a project into tiny phases, and developers cannot continue on to the next phase until the first phase is complete |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of XP, aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components |
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Term
Systems development life cycle –
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Definition
the overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance
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Term
Critical success factor (CSF) –
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Definition
a factor that is critical to an organization’s success
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Term
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Definition
| determines if the proposed solution is feasible and achievable from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint |
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Term
Joint application development (JAD) session –
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Definition
where employees meet to define or review the business requirements for the system
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Term
Requirements definition document –
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Definition
| contains the final set of business requirements, prioritized in order of business importance |
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Term
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Definition
runs over the Internet or off a CD-ROM
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Term
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Definition
set in a classroom-type environment and led by an instructor
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Term
Change management system –
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Definition
a collection of procedures to document a change request and define the steps necessary to consider the change based on the expected impact of the change
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Term
Change control board (CCB) –
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Definition
responsible for approving or rejecting all change requests
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