Term
| What is the difference between a hypothesis and theory? Are either absolute truth? |
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Definition
| A hypothesis is a speculation that can be tested through the scientific method. A theory is a set of well-tested hypotheses that is accepted by a large group of people. Neither are absolute truth, they can always change with enough evidence. |
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Term
| Who was Linnaeus and what did he do? What did Linnaeus' definition of a species entail? |
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Definition
Linnaeus was a taxonomist in the 18th century. He saw species as fixed and unchanging and did not believe in evolution. His studies glorified God.
According to Linnaeus, species are things with different phyiscal forms and colors. This is known as the morphological species concept. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a trait is homologous, they are found in two different species that derive from a common ancestor. |
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Term
| Who was Lamarck? What did he do? How did Saint-Hillaire (Geoffroy) relate to him? |
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Definition
Lamarck was the first to propose evolution, changing species. He is criticized for believing that evolution could happen after one, or within one, generation.
Saint-Hillaire was his protege. |
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Term
| Darwin assembled evidence for evolution while on his journey aboard the ___ in the early 19th century. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were three key influences on Darwin? What did they do and why did they influence him? |
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Definition
1. Cuvier (paleontologist, anatomist) found that ancient animals were similar but not identical to modern ones.
2. Lyell (geologist) found that proccesses on Earth that happened a long time ago still happen (Earth is old).
3. Malthus (economist) found that population growth is limited by resources and there is a competition. |
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Term
| Who was Wallace? What did he find? What did he publish? |
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Definition
Wallace was a geographer and botanist and discovered the Wallace Line separating Australia from Asia in terms of flora and fauna.
Wallace independently formulated evolutiont hrough natural selection and co-published with Darwin in 1858.
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Term
| Darwin found that through breeding pigeons,you could manipulate offspring traits through breeding two specific adult pigeons in a process known as ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Darwin's three key original contributions were ___. |
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Definition
| all life descended from a common ancestor, natural selection and sexual selection |
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