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Introduction to Animals
Chapters 32-34
51
Biology
Not Applicable
02/29/2016

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Term
animals
Definition
- multi cellular
- heterotroph
- lack cell walls
Term
Most animals :
Definition
- carry out sexual reproduction
- self generated movement
Term
vertebrates
Definition
animals with a back bone
Term
invertebrates
Definition
animals without a back bone
95% of species due to insects
Term
multi cellular organization
Definition
each cell in you body rely on other cells in an organism to survive
Term
specialization
Definition
cells have different jobs for certain things
Term
What is a group of cells?
Definition
tissues that work together to do a certain job
Term
heterotroph
Definition
has to eat (ingestion)
Term
diffrentiation
Definition
like cells change in order to perform different job (formation of zygote)
Term
How are animals grouped together?
Definition
- fossils
- body symmetry
- patterns of embryo development
- macro molecules, such as rRNA
Term
invertebrates (grouping)
Definition
- lack of tissues
- lack of body symmetry
- specialized body parts
Term
chordates (stages in life) for humans
Definition
- notochord
- dorsal nerve cord
- postnatal tail
- pharyngeal pouches
Term
symmetry : body structure
Definition
being able to divide an organism into matching shapes
Term
asymmetrical
Definition
no way to b divided evenly
Term
bilateral symmetry
Definition
one way only to make symmetrical (ex. humans)
Term
radial symmetry
Definition
central disk in organisms with parts radiating out from from disks

*generally more then one way to make symmetrical (ex. starfish)
Term
dorsal
Definition
back
Term
ventral
Definition
abdomen (belly/underside)
Term
anterior
Definition
head end
Term
posterior
Definition
tail end
Term
cephalization
Definition
organism has a distinct head area with most sensory organs located there
Term
germ layers
Definition
- forms in embryos
- all animals
- except sponges
Term
Which animals are 2 germ layers?
Definition
cnidarians & ctenophores
Term
How many germ layers are supposed to be in any other animal?
Definition
3
Term
body cavities
Definition
animals have some type of body cavity
- open hole
Term
coelom
Definition
true body cavity
Term
a coelom
Definition
false body cavity
Term
Do sponges have true tissue?
Definition
No.
Term
Do sponges have organized body shape?
Definition
No.
Term
symmetry
Definition
radial or bilateral
Term
segmentation
Definition
series of repeating similar units
Term
support of body
Definition
- some sponges have simple skeleton
- some fluid filled pressure
- some exoskeleton
Term
respiratory and circulatory
Definition
- some exchange gas through skin
- some breathe through gills
- most use blood or similar fluid to transport O2 nutrients, CO2, and waste through their body
Term
How many types of a circulatory system are there?
Definition
3
Term
What are the circulatory systems?
Definition
- no system
- closed
- open
Term
digestive system
Definition
- no digestive system
- central chamber with one opening
- digestive tract, gut, running through body
Term
excretory system
Definition
- waste, ammonia, are:
dissolved abd excreted directly
filtered from body cavity
Term
nervous system
Definition
- simple (no nervous)
- highly complex (cephalization/brain)
Term
reproduction
Definition
- some sexual
- some asexual
- some both
- some hermaphrodites
Term
What is a hermaphrodite?
Definition
male and female organs both but they cannot self fertilize
Term
How many patterns of development?
Definition
2
Term
What are the patterns of development?
Definition
indirect an direct
Term
What is direct development?
Definition
does not have a larva stage
Term
What is indirect development?
Definition
has a larva stage (insects)
Term
chordata
Definition
have a backbone
Term
terrestrial vertebrates adaptations
Definition
- support of the body
- conservation of water
Term
segmentation / support of body
Definition
- ribs and vertebrates
- endoskeleton
Term
body coverings
Definition
integument (skin)
Term
How many different types of respiratory or circulatory systems?
Definition
3
Term
What are they respiratory or circulatory systems?
Definition
- Aquatic
- Terrestrial
- Vertebrates
Term
aquatic vertebrates
Definition
gills
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