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Intro to Science: Chapter 7
Sections 7.1 & 7.2 vocab
12
Science
9th Grade
01/19/2008

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Term

radioactivity

Definition
process by which an unstable nucleus emits one or more particles or energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation
Term
nuclear radiation
Definition
charged particles or energry emitted by an unstable nucleus
Term
alpha particle
Definition
a positively charged particle, emitted by some radioactive decay in a neutron in an unstable nucleus
Term
beta particle
Definition
an electron emitted during the radioactive decay of a neutron in an unstable nuclues
Term
gamma ray
Definition
high-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted by a nucleus during radioactive decay
Term
neutron emission
Definition
the release of a high-energy neutron by some neutron-righ nuclei during radioactive decay
Term
half-life
Definition
the time required for half a sample of radioactive nuclei to decay
Term
strong nuclear for
Definition
the interaction that binds protons and neutrons together in a nuclei
Term
fission
Definition
the process by which a nucleus splits into 2 or more smaller fragments, releasing neutrons and energy
Term
nuclear chain reaction
Definition
a series of fission processes in which the neutrons emitted by a dividing cause the diviesion of another nuclei
Term
critical mass
Definition
the minimum mass of a fissionable isotope in whcih tha nuclear chain reaction can occur
Term
fusion
Definition
the process in which light nuclei combine at exremely high temperatures, forming heavier nuclei and releasing energy
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