Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Area: Body Senses/Somatosensory Cortex |
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Definition
| Area: Hearing and Complex Vision |
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Definition
| Area: movement & decision making lobe |
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Term
| Primary sensory area - Visual Area |
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Definition
| Primary Sensory Area - Occipital Lobe |
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Term
Primary sensory area - Auditory Area
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Definition
Primary sensory area - Temporal
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Term
Primary sensory area - Somatosensory Area
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Definition
Primary sensory area - Parietal Lobe
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Term
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Definition
Brainstem and spinal cord
Rear of Frontal Lobe |
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Term
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Definition
- Input from sensory areas & lower parts of the brain
- Involved in complex processes
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Term
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Definition
Area:
- Organizes reflexes
- Elaborate spinal cord
- some instinctive behavioral patterns
- Comprised of Medulla, Pons, and Midbrain
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Term
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Definition
Area:
Organizes complex reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
Area:
- Species typical movement patterns
- Acts on Pattern Generators
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Term
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Definition
Area:
Relay system
Endpoint for sensory tracts from bainstem |
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Term
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Definition
Area:
- Used for fast, well-timed movements
- Uses sensory data to program the appropriate force and timing of a movement BEFORE INITIATED (Feed Forward)
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Term
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Definition
Area:
Used for slow deliberate movement
uses sensory data for ONGOING MOVEMENTS
Involved in decision making |
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Term
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Definition
Area:
- Input from ALL SENSORY ORGANS
- Translates emotions and drives into actions
- Comprised of the hippocampus and amygdala
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Term
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Definition
Area:
- Regulates internal environment of the body.
- Well connected to limbic system.
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Term
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Definition
| Def: The greater the amount of sensation needed from a body part, the more neurons are dedicated to it. |
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Term
| Function: Corpus callosum |
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Definition
Area:
- Connects Left and Right hemispheres
- Facilitates interhemispheric communication
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Term
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Definition
Hemisphere:
- Verbal & Analytical
- e.g. Language, Math, Logic
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Term
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Definition
Hemisphere:
- Intuitive, Holistic
- e.g. Spatial processing, music, imagery, face recognition
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Term
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Definition
Process where a connection grows stronger if a neuron fires immediately after the presynaptic neuron fires
"Neruons that fire together, wire together" |
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Term
| Long-term Potentiation (LTP) |
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Definition
- Increased Synaptic efficiency from repeated stimulation of neruons
- Long lasting enhancement in signal transmission between two neruons that results from them firing simultaneously.
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Term
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Definition
| Substances introduced to the body to affect tissues (and not already produced in the body) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Acting on pre-synaptic neuron to alter transmitter release (affecting amount in cleft)
2. Act on cleft to alter how long transmitter in cleft
3. Act on post-synaptic binding sites to produce same effect as transmitter or block transmitter |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of relationships between physical characterics of stimuli and sensory experiences of those stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
JustNoticeableDifference=kM
M=Magnitude of original stimulus
k=constant that is different for different sensory tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| The maximum or minimum detectable sensory input. |
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Term
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Definition
| The minimum difference in inputs that the human mind can detect as being different |
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Definition
| Response to stimuli by sensory organs and nervous system and the resulting basic psychological experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which receptor cells produce electrical charge in response to stimuli |
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Term
Sensory Coding:
Quantity vs. Quality |
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Definition
Quantity=Speed of action potentials
Quality - Different stimuli through different receptors |
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Term
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Definition
Problem conducting signal from ear
e.g. Rigid hearing parts |
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Term
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Definition
Deafness Type:
Damage to cochlea, hair cells, or membrane
Transduction problem. Can be fixed by cochlear implants |
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Term
| Damage to auditory cortex |
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Definition
Deafness type:
No conscious perception of sound
Still experience startle response. |
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Term
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Definition
| organ that contians receptor cells for responding to pheromones. |
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Term
| Major Histocompatibility Complex |
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Definition
| Set of ~50 genes that determine precise nature of cells used by immune system. Affects the odor of the individual. |
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Term
| Types of Touch Receptors on Skin |
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Definition
Pressure
Texture
Pattern
Vibration
Temperature
Pain |
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Term
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Definition
Point of central focus in the eye.
Contains no rods, only cones |
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Term
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Definition
Dim light
Sensitivity
not in fovea
Concentrated in ring 20 degrees away from fovea |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Photoreceptor:
Bright Light
Detail and color
Fovea
decrease as move away from teh fovea
different photochemicals, different colors |
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Term
| Transduction in the Eye, starting with light |
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Definition
- Light -> Changes structure of photochemical
- Photoreceptors -> activate bipolar cells of retina
- Bipolar -> Activate retinal ganglion cells that form optic nerve
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Term
| Opponent Process represenation: Blue-yellow |
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Definition
Photocombination Process
Excited by blue cones, inhibited by red, green cones |
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Term
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Definition
| The right amount of 3 wavelenghts of light can make any color we like |
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Term
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Definition
| Pairs of wavelengths can be added together to make white |
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Term
| Lateral geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
- Primary relay center for visual information received from the retina of the eye.
- Found in the thalamus
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Term
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Definition
Blindness
- occipital lobe damage
- one form called Anton's blindness
- Subjects do not know/recognize that they are blind
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Term
Blindness: Visual Field Loss |
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Definition
Blindness
- Single parietal side damage
- Loss of vision in one visual field
- Can lose vision on one side if half damaged
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Term
| Feature Integration Theory |
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Definition
| To perceive a stimulus the primary sensory features (color/slant of lines) must be detected and integrated into a whole |
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Term
| Feature Detection vs Integration of Features |
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Definition
Feature Detection happens all at once (parallel)
Integration of features occurs one at a time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Regularity, Similarity, Closure |
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Term
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Definition
| See contours that are not there to make the object make sense. |
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Term
| Illusory lightness differences |
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Definition
| Patch in dark looks lighter than in light |
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Term
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Definition
see something as present, identify some elements
Cannot perceive shape, draw, or outline objects |
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Definition
Can identify and draw shapes of objects
Cannot identify object itself |
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Term
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Definition
Can identify objects in world
Do not know how to use the objects |
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