Term
|
Definition
| A relatively permanent change in behavior, or potential behavior, that results from experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An inborn tendency to notice and respond to novel or surprising events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The decline in the tendency to respond to an event that has become familiar through repeated exposure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increased responsiveness, or sensitivity, to an event that has been repeated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A set of procedures used to investigate how organisms learn about the signaling properties of events. Classical conditioning involves learning relations between events, conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, that occur outside of one's control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stimulus that automatically leads to an observable response prior to any training |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The observable response that is produced automatically, prior to training, on presentation of an unconditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The acquired response that is produced by the conditioned stimulus in anticipation of the unconditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The neutral stimulus that is paired with the unconditioned stimulus during classical conditioning |
|
|
Term
| Second-order Conditioning |
|
Definition
| A procedure in which an established conditioned stimulus is used to condition a second neutral stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Responding to a new stimulus in a way similar to the response produced by and established conditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Responding differently to a new stimulus than how one responds to an established conditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presenting a conditioned stimulus repeatedly, after conditioning, without the unconditioned response, resulting in a loss in responding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The recovery of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of non exposure to the conditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Learning that an event signals the absence of the unconditioned stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A procedure for studying how organisms learn about the consequences of their own voluntary actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| If a response in a particular situation is followed by a satisfying consequence, it will be strengthened. If a response in a particular situation is followed by an unsatisfying consequence, it will be weakened |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Response consequences that increase the likelihood of responding in a similar way again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An event that, when presented after a response, increases the likelihood of that response. (Ex: giving a child a cookie for doing their homework) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An event that, when removed after a response, increases the likelihood of that response occurring again (ex: someone is yelling at you and you decide to leave- likely to leave next time someone is yelling at you again) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stimulus that has acquired reinforcing properties through prior learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consequences that decrease the likelihood of responding in a similar way again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An event that, when presented after the response, lowers the likelihood of that response occurring again (ex: scolding your child) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An event that, when removed after a response, lowers the likelihood of that response occurring again (ex: taking a child's toy away after they hit someone with it) |
|
|
Term
| Schedule of Reinforcement |
|
Definition
| A rule that an experimenter uses to determine when particular responses will be reinforced |
|
|
Term
| Partial Reinforcement Schedule |
|
Definition
| A schedule in which reinforcement is delivered only some of the time after the response has occured |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A schedule in which the number of responses required for reinforcement is fixed and does not change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A schedule in which a certain number of responses are required for reinforcement, but the number of required responses typically changes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A schedule in which the reinforcement is delivered for the first response that occurs following a fixed interval of time |
|
|
Term
| Variable- interval Schedule |
|
Definition
| A schedule in which the allotted time before a response will yield reinforcement varies from trail to trial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A procedure in which reinforcement is delivered for successive approximations of the desired response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Learning by observing the experiences of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The natural tendency to imitate the behavior of significant others |
|
|
