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Intro to Psych - Chap 1 & 2
Historical figures, etc.
42
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
09/15/2011

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Cards

Term
John B. Watson
Definition
Established behavioral psychology. "100% nurture."
Term
Ivan Pavlov
Definition
Behavioral psychology. Conditioning in animals.
Term
B. F. Skinner
Definition
Behavioral psychology. "No free will."
Term
Sigmund Freud
Definition
Psychoanalytic psychology.
Term
Carl Jung
Definition
Psychoanalytic psychology.
Term
Alfred Adler
Definition
Psychoanalytic psychology.
Term
Carl Rogers
Definition
Humanistic psychology.
Term
Abraham Maslow
Definition
Humanistic psychology.
Term
G. Stanley Hall
Definition
First research lab. Established APA.
Term
structuralism
Definition
basic elements of consciousness: quality, intensity, duration, clarity / "objective" introspection
Term
functionalism
Definition
"what is consciousness?"
Term
William James
Definition
introduced functionalism
Term
Edward Titchener
Definition
introduced structuralism
Term
Major research areas
Definition
Developmental, educational, clinical, social, health, physiological, experimental, cognitive, psychometrics, personality
Term
Major professional/applied areas
Definition
Clinical, counseling, industrial and organizational, school, forensic
Term
7 unifying themes for PSY 111
Definition
1. Psychology is empirical.
2. .. is theoretically diverse.
3. .. evolves in a sociohistorical context.
4. Behavior is determined by multiple causes.
5. .. is shaped by cultural heritage.
6. Heredity and environment jointly influence behavior.
7. People's experience of the world is highly subjective.
Term
psychiatrist
Definition
physician, MD. medical school.
Term
psychologist
Definition
doctorate in psychology, focus on health/brain.
Term
"desirable difficulties"
Definition
tough in beginning = better learningg
Term
dual coding
Definition
use both visual and verbal channels
Term
Wilhelm Wundt
Definition
Founded psychology. Philosophy + physiology. Leipzig. Ball, button, reaction time.
Term
testing
Definition
"repeated retrieval attempts"
Term
3Rs
Definition
read, recite, review
Term
elaboration
Definition
link to-be-learned material with other information
Term
self-referent encoding
Definition
material that is meaningfully related to you
Term
operational definition
Definition
specific measurements used
Term
constructs
Definition
unobservable variables (happiness, anxiety, etc.)
Term
scientific method
Definition
hypothesize, operationalize, measure, evaluate, report
Term
independent variable
Definition
controlled by experimenter
Term
dependent variable
Definition
observed and measured
Term
descriptive/correlational research
Definition
links or associates between 2 different patterns of behavior. naturalistic, case study, survey.
Term
naturalistic observation
Definition
individuals in natural environment
Term
case study
Definition
focus on 1 individual or situation
Term
survey
Definition
self-report
Term
descriptive statistics
Definition
organize and summarize data (mean, median, mode)
Term
inferential statistics
Definition
interpret and draw conclusions from data
Term
mean
Definition
average
Term
median
Definition
middle #
Term
mode
Definition
most common number
Term
correlation coefficient (r)
Definition
numerical index of strength and direction of a relationship between variables
Term
flaws in research (4)
Definition
1. sampling bias
2. placebo effects
3. self reported data
4. experimenter bias
Term
self reported data
Definition
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