Term
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Definition
| A person’s response to events that are threatening or challenging. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strong stressors that occur suddenly and typically affect many people at once (e.g, natural disasters). |
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Term
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Definition
| Major life events, such as the death of a family member that have immediate negative consequences that generally fade with time. |
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Term
| Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): |
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Definition
| A phenomenon in which victims of major catastrophes or strong personal stressors feel long-lasting effects that may include re-experiencing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams. |
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Term
| Background stressors (“daily hassles”) |
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Definition
| Everyday annoyances, such as being stuck in traffic, that cause minor irritations and may have long-term ill effects if they continue or are compounded by other stressful events. |
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Term
| Psychophysiological disorders |
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Definition
| Medical problems influenced by an interaction of psychological, emotional, and physical difficulties. |
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Term
| General adaptation syndrome (GAS) |
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Definition
| A theory developed by Selye that suggests that a person’s response to a stressor consists of three stages: alarm and mobilization, resistance, and exhaustion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The efforts to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress. |
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Term
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Definition
| A state in which people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled – a view of the world that becomes so ingrained that they cease trying to remedy the aversive circumstances even if they actually can exert some influence on the situation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A mutual network of caring, interested others. |
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Term
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Definition
| A personality characteristic that is associated with a lower rate of stress-related illness and consists of three components: commitment, challenge, and control. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cluster of behaviors involving hostility, competitiveness, time urgency, and feeling driven. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cluster of behaviors characterized by a patient, cooperative, noncompetitive, and nonaggressive manner. |
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Term
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Definition
| A negative emotional and cognitive reaction that results from the restriction of one’s freedom. |
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Term
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Definition
| People’s own evaluation of their lives in terms of both their thoughts and their emotions. |
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