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| a piece of news from the world outside or from our own bodies which is brought into the light of consciousness through one of the senses |
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| concrete refers to things that are "solid" while abstract images are not physical images |
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| the prose meaning of a poem |
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| a metaphor made of components that do not go together |
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| any resemblence, in form or function, between otherwise unlike objects |
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| a kind of analogy that works with intersense relationships |
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| an incomplete reference to something that those who share out knowledge or background will understand |
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| to give an inanimate thing humanlike qualities |
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| ex: stories that explain where the world began and where the sun goes when it sets |
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"part of the whole"
reference to something using some component that is important enough to stand for the whole |
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| referring to one thing by using the name of something associated with it |
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| an image that stands for more than it denotes literally |
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| a narrative in which characters and events stand for ideas and actions on another level |
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poetry the depicts the world realistically
Ex: Shakespeare's "Winter" |
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| a statement that seems to imply a contradiction |
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| links words that seem to cancel eachother out |
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a statement that means it's contrary
Ex: "Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them." - Othello |
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| occurs when the audience knows something that a character does not |
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| the image that is not literally stated in the language of the poem |
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| understatement, stating something is less than it is |
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| the suggested meaning of a word |
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| the dictionary meaning of a word |
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| repetition of a vowel sound |
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| repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words |
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| the sound of a word resembles its meaning |
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Ex:
The cat has a crazy ball
It pushed it against the wall |
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Ex:
The cat has a crazy hat. |
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| vowel changes while surrounding consonants do not |
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| the way the rhymes are arranged in a poem |
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| segments of organizes rhyme |
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| an account of both the number of syllables in the pattern and the arrangement of their accents |
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| the unit whose repetition makes up any rhyme |
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| the process of identifying stressed and unstressed syllables |
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foot with weak, strong stress pattern
( - / ) |
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a foot with weak, weak stress pattern
( - - ) |
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foot with strong, strong stress pattern
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foot with strong, weak stress pattern
( / - ) |
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foot with weak, weak, strong stress pattern
( - - / ) |
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| the way the words of the poem move |
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| line of poetry that concludes with a pause, generally marked by punctuation |
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| lines that carry onto the next without a pause |
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| a pause the tends to fall near the middle of a line |
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foot with strong, weak, weak stress pattern
( / - - ) |
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"cut short"
a line of poetry that has fewer feet |
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| energy concentration at the end of a foot |
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| foot with the strong stress at the beginning of the foot |
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| system that only counts the number of syllables |
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| a poem with a determined number of syllables in each line |
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1. Direct treatment of the thing whether subjective or objective.
2. To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation.
3. As regarding rhythm: to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of a metronome. |
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| positioning of words on the page |
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| putting things side by side without explanation |
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| similarity of grammatical structure for similar meaning |
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| two or more lines beginning with the same word |
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X (Chi)
Ex:
"Minute by minute they change;
a shadow of cloud on the stream
Changes minute by minute." |
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| emphasizes conflicting materials by setting them sharply together |
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| interrupts the conversational order of syntax |
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| identical units of groups of lines |
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| units of two rhyming lines |
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Lines 1 & 3 are iambic tetrameter
Lines 2 & 4 are iambic trimeter
Rhyme scheme is a,b,a,b |
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Seven line stanza
Rhyme Scheme: a,b,a,b,b,c,c |
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Eight-line stanza
Rhyme Scheme: a,b,a,b,a,b,c,c |
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| the most famous stanza form |
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Eight lines and a sestet (six lines)
Rhyme Scheme: a,b,b,a a,b,b,a c,d,c,d,c,d (or c,d,e,c,d,e)
Ex: Lucifer in Starlight (George Meredith) |
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three quatrains and a couplet
Rhyme Scheme: a,b,a,b,c,d,c,d,e,f,e,f,g,g |
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three quatrains and a couplet
Rhyme Scheme:
a,b,a,b b,c,b,c c,d,c,d e,e |
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| three line concluding stanza |
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three stanzas of eight lines
Rhyme Scheme: a,b,a,b,b,c,b,c |
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| line or lines repeated at regular intervals |
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| a poem in which the first letters of the lines spell out a word |
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rondel with repetition at middle and end
Rhyme Scheme: A,B,a,A,a,b,A,B |
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| French verse form of nineteen lines with five tercets followed by a quatrain |
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a thirty-one syllable poem
Pattern: 5,7,5,7,7 |
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| 2,4,6,8,2 syllable pattern |
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| exaggeration of a poem's faults |
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