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Intro To Management - Chap 14
Study Cards for Intro to Mgmt Final '09
18
Management
Undergraduate 2
04/30/2009

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Term
Motivation
Definition
Accounts for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended at work
Term
Need
Definition
An unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire
Term
Lower-Order Needs
Definition
Physiological, safety and social needs in Maslow's Hierarchy
Term
Higher-Order Needs
Definition
Esteem and self-actualization needs in Maslow's Hierarchy
Term
Satisfier Factor
Definition
Found in job content, such as sense of achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement or personal growth
Term
Hygiene Factor
Definition
Found in the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary
Term
Need For Achievement
Definition
The desire to do something better, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks
Term
Need For Power
Definition
The desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people
Term
Need for Affiliation
Definition
The desire to establish and maintain good relations with people
Term
Expectancy
Definition
A person's belief that working hard will result in high task performance
Term
Instrumentality
Definition
A person's belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance
Term
Valence
Definition
The value a person assigns to work-related outcomes
Term
Law of Effect
Definition
States that behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated; behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not
Term
Operant Conditioning
Definition
The control of behavior by manipulating its consequences
Term
Positive Reinforcement
Definition
Strengthens a behavior by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence
Term
Negative Reinforcement
Definition
Strengthens a behavior by making the avoidance of an undesirable consequence contingent on its occurrence
Term
Punishment
Definition
Discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence
Term
Extinction
Definition
Discourages a behavior by making the removal of a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence
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