Term
Risperdol (risperdone)
Zyprexa (olanzapine)
Seroquel (quetiapine)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification: Antipsychotic Agents/Psychotropics
Action:These drugs affect psychic function and calm excessive abnormal
psychomotor activity by lowering the level of dopamine in the brain. They
make behavior more manageable.
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Term
Risperdol (risperdone)
Zyprexa (olanzapine)
Seroquel (quetiapine)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: postural hypotension, extrapyramidal symptoms such as restlessness, muscle spasms, twisting motions, mask-like facial expression, muscle ridigity, tremor, drooling, shuffling gait, dysphagia, pill rolling, tardive dsykinesia (uncontrolled movement of the face, mouth, tongue, jaw and extremities)
Nursing Action: monitor mental status and behavior, monitor blood pressure, change position slowly, observe carefully that patient actually takes the medication, observe the patient for Extrapyramidal Symptoms, assess liver function, advise the client to use sunscreen and sunblock, increase fluid intake, good oral hygiene, instruct to take medication as directed
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Term
Tylenol (acetaminophen
Aspirin (ASA)
Ibuprofen
Classification & Action
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Definition
Classification:Antipyretic Agents
Action: Used to lower fever of many causes
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Term
Tylenol (acetaminophen
Aspirin (ASA)
Ibuprofen
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: hepatotoxicity, gastric irritation, delayed clotting, nephrotoxicity, tinnitus
Nursing Action: monitor temperature, administer with food or antacids for GI upset, do not use aspirin or ibuprofen with patient’s with a bleeding disorder or who are taking anticoagulants, do not give aspirin to children, do not give tylenol with history of hepatic disease or increased alcohol intake, monitor renal function |
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Term
SSKI (saturated solution potassium iodide)
PTU (propylthiouracil
Tapezole (methimazole)
Classificaiton & Action |
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Definition
Classification: Antithyroid Agents
Action: to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid hormone
production.
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Term
SSKI (saturated solution potassium iodide)
PTU (propylthiouracil
Tapezole (methimazole)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: drowiness, rash, dizziness, diarrhea, decrease RBC, WBC and platelets, arrhythmias, bradycardia, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema
Nursing Action: monitor complete blood count, safety precautions, monitor cardiac status, assess lung sounds, assess for edema, monitor thyroid function, instruct the client to take as directed |
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Term
Myambutol (ethambutal)
INH (isoniazide)
Rifadin (rifampin)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification: Antitubercular Agents
Action: Used to treat or prevent tuberculosis and other disease caused by mycobacterium |
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Term
Myambutol (ethambutal)
INH (isoniazide)
Rifadin (rifampin)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: confusion, dizziness, optic neuritis, hepatitis, seizures, GI irritation, discoloration of urine (red)
Nursing Action: take medication as directed, follow up exams are important, monitor liver functions, safety precautions, eye exams, client teaching about discoloration of urine |
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Term
Paveral (codeine)
Benylin (dextromethorphan)
Hycodan (hydrocodone & homatropine)
Robitussin/Mucinex (guaifenesin)
Classification & Actions |
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Definition
Classification:Antitussives/Expectorants
Action: Antitussives suppress coughing. Expectorants thin pulmonary secretions. Coughing should not be suppressed unless it interferes with sleep or other activities of daily living
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Term
Paveral (codeine)
Benylin (dextromethorphan)
Hycodan (hydrocodone & homatropine)
Robitussin/Mucinex (guaifenesin)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions
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Definition
Side Effect: medications may cause drowsiness
Nursing Action: safety precautions, assess respiratory system |
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Term
Protonix (pantoprazole)
Nexium (esomeprazole)
Prilosec (omeprazole)
Classificaiton & Action
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Definition
Classification: Antiulcers
Action: to treat or prevent peptic ulcers and gastric hypersecretory conditions. These agents work by either neutralizing acid, decreasing the secretion of acid or by protecting the GI surface by producing more mucus. Used to treat Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease (GERD)
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Term
Protonix (pantoprazole)
Nexium (esomeprazole)
Prilosec (omeprazole)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, arrhythmias, constipation, nausea, hepatitis, decrease in RBC, WBC and platelets
Nursing Action: take medication as directed, avoid alcohol, aspirin, ibuprofen and foods that cause GI irritation, avoid caffeine, do not smoke, can affect absorption of antibiotics - take separately, patient teaching re diet and decreasing stress levels, assess liver function, assess complete blood count, assess cardiac status |
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Term
Zovirax (acyclovir)
Valtrex (valacyclovir)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification:Antiviral Agents
Action: inhibit viral replication and may prevent penetration into host cells. Used to treat viral infections such as HIV and herpes. |
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Term
Zovirax (acyclovir)
Valtrex (valacyclovir)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: hypotension, seizures, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
Nursing Action: take medication as directed at regular intervals around the clock, assess blood pressure, change position slowly, assess neurological status, assess renal function, increase fluid intake, monitor complete blood count, assess I&O |
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Term
Lithotabs (lithium)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classificaion: Antimanic Agents
Action: used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders, particularly bipolar affective disorders by altering nerve transmission and the levels of
neurotransmitter. |
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Term
Lithotabs (lithium)
Side effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: seizures, arrhythmias, fatigue, headache, leukocytosis, weakness, tremors, toxicity
Nursing Action: monitor blood levels of lithium, increase fluid intake to 2500 to 3000 cc’s per day, assess neurological status, assess cardiac status, monitor white blood cell count |
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Term
Atropine (atropine)
Robinul (glycopyrrolate)
Ditropan (oxybutynoin)
Flomax (tamsulosin)
Classificaiton & Action |
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Definition
Classification: Antispasmodic Agents
Action: used to reduce pain by relaxing the smooth muscle in the
GI tract. They may also be given preoperatively to relax smooth muscle.
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Term
Atropine (atropine)
Robinul (glycopyrrolate)
Ditropan (oxybutynoin)
Flomax (tamsulosin)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: tachycardia, confusion, dizziness, constipation, dry mouth, urinary hesitancy, urinary retention, increased intraocular pressure, impotence
Nursing Action: monitor cardiac status, safety precautions, monitor stools, mouth care, I&O, do not give to a client wit a history of glaucoma, client teaching about side effects |
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Term
Tenormin(atenolol)
Lopressor (metoprolol)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification:
Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents (Beta Blockers)
Action: used to treat hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, migraine headaches and glaucoma
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Term
Tenormin(atenolol)
Lopressor (metoprolol)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, bradycardia, diarrhea, impotence, hyperglycemia, pulmonary edema
Nursing Action: instruct client to take medication as directed, monitor blood pressure and pulse, change position slowly, safety precautions, assess lungs, assess blood glucose levels, client teaching about side effects |
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Term
Adrenalin (epinephrine)
Atrovent (ipratropium)
Advair (fluticasone and salmeterol)
Xopenex (levalbuterol)
Duonebs (albuterol and ipratroprium)
Singulair (montelukast)
Spiriva (tiotropium)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification:
Bronchodilators/Spasmolytics
Action: dilates the bronchial tubes and are used in the treatment of
reversible airway obstruction due to asthma or COPD. They relax smooth muscles
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Term
Adrenalin (epinephrine)
Atrovent (ipratropium)
Advair (fluticasone and salmeterol)
Xopenex (levalbuterol)
Duonebs (albuterol and ipratroprium)
Singulair (montelukast)
Spiriva (tiotropium)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: CNS stimulation, tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, oral yeast infection, insomnia
Nursing Action: increase fluid intake, monitor respiratory status and vital signs, observe for CNS stimulation, avoid irritants to the respiratory tract, rinse mouth post inhaling advair |
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Term
Norvasc (amlodipine)
Cardizem (diltiazem)
Calan (verapamil)
Classification & Action |
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Definition
Classification:
Calcium Channel Blockers
Action: used to treat hypertension, angina pectoris and arrhythmias.
They cause vasodilation and decrease nerve conduction through the heart |
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Term
Norvasc (amlodipine)
Cardizem (diltiazem)
Calan (verapamil)
Side Effects & Nursing Inteventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: hypotension, headache, dizziness, edema
Nursing Action: monitor vital signs, change positions slowly, take medication as directed |
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Term
Ritalin (methylphenidate)
Adderall (amphetamine)
Caffeine
Classification, Action & Interventions |
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Definition
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Action: are used to treat narcolepsy, attention deficit disorder (ADD) and
to stimulate neonates by influencing the levels of neurotransmitters.
Nursing Action: monitor viother children, take medication as directed, avoid caffeine intake tal signs, monitor attention span, impulse control and interaction with
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Term
Aquamephyton (phytanadione-Vitamin K)
Classification, Action & Interventions |
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Definition
Classificaiton: Coagulant
Action: used to facilitate blood coagulant or clotting
Nursing Action: assess for bleeding
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Term
Neupogen (filgrastim)
Classification, Action, Side effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Classification: Colony Stimulating Factor
Action: used to increase the number of white blood cells (neutrophils)
in an effort to prevent infection.
Side Effect: bone pain, pain at injection site, leukocytosis
Nursing Action: assess white blood cell count, assess for signs of infection
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Term
Lasix (furosemide)
Aldactone (spironolactone)
Hydrodiuril (hydrochlorathiazide – HCTZ)
Classificaiton & Action |
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Definition
Classification: Diuretic
Action: used to treat hypertension or edema due to Congestive
Heart Failure or other causes. They influence the kidneys to enhance the secretion of various electrolytes and water.
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Term
Lasix (furosemide)
Aldactone (spironolactone)
Hydrodiuril (hydrochlorathiazide – HCTZ)
Side Effects & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: hypotension, dehydration, potassium imbalance, anorexia, weakness, tingling, confusion, thirst
Nursing Action: monitor vital signs, daily weight, intake and output, assess for edema, assess lung sounds, assess for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, monitor potassium level (hold if potassium level is too high), supplement with potassium (orange juice, banana, KCl) if on a potassium depleting diuretic, instruct the client to take the medication as prescribed |
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Term
Baking Soda (sodium bicarbonate)
OsCal (calcium salts)
Magnesium Sulfate (magnesium sulfate)
KCL (potassium chloride)
Multiple Vitamins (MVI)
Vit C (ascorbic acid)
Classification, Action & Nursing Interventions |
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Definition
Classification: Electrolyte/Electrolyte Modifiers/Minerals/Vitamins
Action: used to prevent or treat electrolyte deficiencies or excesses.
Acidifiers and alkalinizers are used to treat kidney stones and disorders altering uric acid levels. Calcium is used to treat osteoporosis.
Nursing Action: assess electrolyte levels, intake and output
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Term
Protamine Sulfate (protamine sulfate)
Classification, Action & Intervention |
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Definition
Classification: Heparin antidote
Action: used when a patient receives too much heparin increasing the risk of bleeding
Nursing Action: monitor PTT, monitor for bleeding
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Term
Estrogens
Premarin (estrogen)
Prempro (estrogen and medroxy progesterone)
Thyroid
Synthroid (levothyroxin)
Miscellaneous Hormones
Epogen (epoetin) - stimulates RBC production
Classification, action & interventions |
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Definition
Classification: Hormonal agents
Action: used in the treatment of hormone imbalances. They can also be used for contraception and for the treatment of some cancers. Hormones can be used to treat infertility and anemia
Nursing Action: instruct client to take as prescribed, assess for blood clots, assess for nervousness, monitor complete blood count |
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Term
Imuran ( azathiopine)
Sandimmune (cyclosporine)
Steroids
Classificaiton, Action, Side Effects & Interventions |
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Definition
Classificaiton:Immunosuppressants
Action: used to prevent transplantation rejection reactions by suppressing the immune system
Side Effects: infection
Nursing Action : instruct client that this is a life long process of taking medications, monitor for infection
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Term
Digoxin (lanoxin)
Intropin (dopamine) – Increases cardiac output, blood pressure and renal perfusion
Classificaiton & Action |
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Definition
Classificaiton:
Inotropic/Cardiac Glycosides/Coronary Vasopressors
Action: used to treat and manage congestive heart failure or
cardiac decompensation by increasing cardiac output. They stimulate the
heart muscle to contract more effectively, strengthening the heart beat and thereby slowing the heart beat down.
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Term
Digoxin (lanoxin)
Intropin (dopamine) – Increases cardiac output, blood pressure and renal perfusion
Side Effects & Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, yellow halo’s in vision field, hypertension, electrolyte imbalance
Nursing Action: monitor vital signs, daily weight, intake and output, monitor EKG, monitor blood levels when giving digoxin (therapeutic range .5 - 2 mg/dl – hold the drug if the digoxin level is above 2), assess apical and radial pulse prior to giving - if below 60, do not give, monitor electrolyte levels (can alter K levels, hold if K level is not normal), client teaching as to how to take pulse and to take medication as prescribed, advise the client to use one pharmacy for all of their prescriptions as interactions can be monitored. |
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Term
Metamucil (psyllium)
Cephulac (lactulose)
Milk of Magnesia/MOM/Magnesium citrate (magnesium salts)
Dulcolax (bisacodyl)
Colace (docusate)
Classificaiton, action, side effects & interventions |
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Definition
Classificaiton: Laxatives
Action: These agents are used to treat or prevent constipation. Also used to prepare the bowel prior to surgery or diagnostic testing.
Side Effects: cramping, diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, weakness
Nursing Action: monitor stools, may develop a dependency with frequent use, assess for fluid and electrolyte imbalance
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Term
Zocor (simvastatin)
Lipitor (atorvastatin)
Action & Classificaiton |
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Definition
Classificaiton: Lipid lowering agents
Action: used to reduce the blood lipid level. Normal lipid level should be below 200. Moni |
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Term
Zocor (simvastatin)
Lipitor (atorvastatin)
Side Effects & Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: nausea and vomiting, heartburn, belching, bloating and constipation, hepatotoxic and muscle aches
Nursing Action: instruct patient to follow dietary fat restrictions, monitor blood lipid levels, may take several months to get a clinical response, may cause a Vitamin K deficiency - assess for bleeding, can interfere with absorption of other medications - take 1 hour before or 3 -4 hours post, assess liver functions as some may cause liver damage |
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Term
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents (NSAIDS)
Motrin (ibuprofen)
Toradol (ketorolac)
Anaprox (naproxen)
Nonopioid Analgesics
Tylenol (acetaminophen)
Salicylates
Aspirin (salicylates)
Action |
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Definition
Action: are used to control mild to moderate pain, fever and various
inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. |
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Term
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents (NSAIDS)
Motrin (ibuprofen)
Toradol (ketorolac)
Anaprox (naproxen)
Nonopioid Analgesics
Tylenol (acetaminophen)
Salicylates
Aspirin (salicylates)
Side Effects & Interventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: gastric distress, bleeding, tinnitus, vertigo, photosensitivity
Nursing Action: avoid aspirin & NSAIDS pre-operatively as they increases bleeding time, do not give aspirin or NSAIDS to patients on anticoagulants, check patient allergies, tylenol is the only drug approved for use in pregnancy and lactation, assess pain, assess temperature, do not use tylenol with history of liver disease or increased alcohol use |
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Term
Narcan (naloxone)
Classification, Action, & Intervention |
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Definition
Classification: Narcotic Antidote
Action: This drug is used to counteract the respiratory depression caused by narcotic medications
Nursing Action: assess vital signs especially respirations, may need to repeat the dose of narcan
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Term
Codeine (codeine)
Duragesic (fentanyl)
Dilaudid (hydromorphone - do not confuse with morphine)
Morphine (morphine)
Percocet (oxycodone/acetaminophen)
Oxycontin (oxycodone)
Lortab (hydrocodone/acetaminophen)
Classification, action, side effects, nursing interventions |
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Definition
Classification: Opioid (narcotics) analgesic
Action: are used to treat moderate to severe pain.
Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension, constipation, nausea
Nursing Action: assess pain, assess vital signs especially respirations, assess for constipation and nausea, these drugs may be addictive, monitor intake and output, safety precautions, change position slowly due to postural hypotension, do not use with alcohol or other depressive drugs
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Term
Xanax (alprozolam)
Ativan (lorazepam)
Versed (midazolam)
Ambien (zolpidem)
Classificaiton & Action
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Definition
Classification:Sedatives/Hypnotics/Antianxiety Agents
Action: are used to treat a variety of anxiety states, agitation and insomnia. They help to promote relaxation. May be used pre-operatively to relax patient. Can also suppress seizure activity
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Term
Xanax (alprozolam)
Ativan (lorazepam)
Versed (midazolam)
Ambien (zolpidem)
Side Effects & Nursing Inteventions |
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Definition
Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, poor coordination, difficulty concentrating, hypotension, monitor vital signs
Nursing Action: assess emotional state and sleep pattern, safety precautions, do not use with alcohol or other depressants, abrupt discontinuation can cause panic anxiety, insomnia, twitching and convulsions - taper off drugs |
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Term
Flexeril (cyclobenoprine)
Lioresal (baclofen)
Classification, action, side effects & interventions |
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Definition
Classification:Skeltal muscle relaxants
Action: used to treat the spasticity associated with spinal cord diseases and in the symptomatic relief of acute painful musculoskeletal conditions.
Side Effect: drowsiness
Nursing Action: do not use with alcohol or other depressants, assess spasticity and pain
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Term
Streptokinase (anistreplase)
Urokinase (anistreplase)
Classification, action, side effects & interventions |
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Definition
Classification:
Thrombolytic Agents
Action: used to treat massive emboli and thrombi. They aid in the breakdown on a clot. Used with Cerebrovascular Accidents (stroke, brain attack) and Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
Side Effect: bleeding
Nursing Action: must be given within a certain time period after the appearance of symptoms, monitor vital signs, monitor for bleeding
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Term
Intropin (dopamine)
Adrenalin (epinephrine)
Pitressin (vasopressin)
Classification,Action,side effects & Interventions |
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Definition
Vasopressors/Inotropic
Action: are used to cause vasoconstriction to elevate blood pressure. Also used to increase cardiac output and enhance blood flow to the kidneys.
Side Effects: hypertension, CNS stimulation, water imbalance
Nursing Action: monitor vital signs, intake and output
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Term
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Classification,Action,side effects & Interventions
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Definition
Classification:Peripheral Vasodilators
Action: These agents dilate blood vessels increasing blood flow to an area of the body and decreasing blood pressure. Used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease
Side Effects: hypotension
Nursing Action: assess blood pressure, change position slowly, assess circulation
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Term
Imitrex (sumatriptan)
Classification, action, side effects, nursing intervention |
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Definition
Vascular Headache Suppressant
Action: causes vasoconstriction in the large intracranial arteries relieving
migraine headaches
Side Effects: dizziness, hypertension
Nursing Action: assess cardiovascular system, assess BP before and after administration
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