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| process by which we learn our political orientations and allegiances. |
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| the process by which a majority opinion becomes exaggerated because minorities do not feel comfortable speaking out in opposition |
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| – groups of citizens whose political views have been shaped by the common events of their youth. |
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| the tendency of men and women to differ in their political views on some issues. |
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| – the tendency for married people to hold political opinions that differ from those of people who have never married. |
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| – the state of being uninformed about politics because of the cost in time and energy. |
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| – the ability to receive and evaluate information as events happen, allowing us to remember our evaluation even if we have forgotten the specific events that caused it. |
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| Two-step flow of information |
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| – the process by which citizens take their political cues from more well-informed opinion leaders. |
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| people who know more about certain topics than we do and whose advice we trust, seek out, and follow. |
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| – the stalemate that occurs when political rivals, especially parties, reuse to budge from their positions to achieve a compromise in the public interest. |
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| – a group of citizens united by ideology and seeking control of government in order to promote their ideas and policies. |
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Definition
| – loyalty to a political cause or party |
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| – the official structure that conducts the political business of parties |
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| – members of the party who have been elected to serve in government |
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| – ordinary citizens who identify with the party |
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Definition
| – voter affiliation with a political party |
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Definition
| – members of a political party who consistently vote for that party’s candidates |
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| – party government when four conditions are met: clear choice of ideologies, candidates pledged to implement ideas, party help accountable by voters, and party control over members |
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| – the “party faithful”; the rank and file members who actually carry out the party’s electioneering efforts |
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| ability of party leaders to bring party members in the legislature into line with the party program |
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| a grop of citizens united by som commone passion or interest and opposed to the rights of other citizens or to the interests of the whole community. |
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Definition
| an organizaion of individuals who share a common political goal and unite for the purpose of influencing governemnt decisions |
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Term
| Politcal Action Committee(PAC) |
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Definition
| the fund raising am of an interest group |
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Term
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Definition
| interest group activities aimed at persuading policymakers to support the group's psitions |
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Term
| Interest group entrepreneurs |
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Definition
| effective group leaders who are likely to haveorganized the goup and can effectively promote its interests amoung members and the public |
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Definition
| the difficulty groups face in recruiting when potential members can gain the benefits of he group's actions whether they join or not |
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Definition
| a good or service that, by nature, cannot be denied to anyone who wants to consume it |
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| benefis that are available only to group members as an inducement to get them to join |
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| selective incentives in the form of tangible rewards |
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| selective incentives related to the interaction and bonding among group members |
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| selective incentives that derive from the the opportunity to express cales and beliefs and to be committed to a greater cause |
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Definition
| groups that organize to influence governemnt policy for the economic benefit of their members |
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Term
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Definition
| groups that organize to influence government to produce collective goods or services that benefit the general public |
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