Term
| anxiety- multidimensional construct |
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Definition
lPhysiological
lCognitive
lEmotional |
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Term
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Definition
lAffects 6-18% of children & youth |
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Term
Prevalent anxiety disorders |
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Definition
lGeneralized anxiety disorder
lSeparation anxiety disorder
lSocial phobia
lSpecific phobias |
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Term
| Co-Morbidity of Anxiety Disorders |
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Definition
lADHD & Anxiety: 4-23%
lConduct Disorder & Anxiety: 6-69%
lDepression & Anxiety: 4-69%
lAnxiety as a Secondary Diagnosis
lADHD: 5-55%
lConduct Disorder: 13-51%
lDepression: 15-75% |
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Term
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Definition
lPre-existing temperament or vulnerability to anxiety arousal
lLearning history (2 factor theory)
lPersonality style
lInformation processing biases
Parenting styles (harsh/critical parenting; modeling of anxiety) |
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Term
lCognitive Behavioral Theories |
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Definition
lCognitive Triad (cognitions-behaviors-emotions interact)
lAnxiety maintained by behavioral avoidance, rumination, excessive worrying
lIndividual avoids uncontrollable, fearful situation in the future |
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Term
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Definition
lFormerly known as school phobia
lSchool refusal behaviors
lAsking to stay home from school
lFeigning illness (stomach aches, headaches, Ferris Bueller behaviors)
lTemper tantrums
lFrequent visits to nurse’s office
lCalling parents to pick up from school
lPrevalence rate of about 28% |
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Term
| Subtypes of School Refusal |
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Definition
lAvoid negative affect in school (anxiety or depression) (negative reinforcement)
lEscape social/evaluative school situations (negative reinforcement)
lGain attention (positive reinforcement)
lAccess reinforcement outside of school (positive reinforcement) |
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Term
Assessment of Anxiety:
Rating Scales |
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Definition
lState-Trait Anxiety Inventory
lRevised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale
lMultidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children
lRevised Child Anxiety and Depression Scales
lAchenbach scales (TRF & CBCL)
lBASC |
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Term
| Screening for Mental Health Problems |
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Definition
lScreening should take place 3 times per year
lEarly identification leads to better outcomes
lEfficient & practical means of screening available |
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Term
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Definition
lScreening Test: A test in search of a disease. Example: PSA test in search of prostate cancer
lDiagnostic Test: A test for a disease. Example: Biopsy of lump on breast for breast cancer
lTreatment Decision Test: Test designed to guide treatment decisions: Example: Cholesterol panel results used to prescribe statin drugs
lMonitoring Test: Test to help track progress of a disease or treatment regimen: Example: Blood pressure monitoring for patients with hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
lFalse Positive Error: Indicator is present but condition is absent: Example: Pregnancy test is positive but individual is not pregnant
lFalse Negative Error: Indicator is absent but the condition is present: Example: PSA test is negative but individual has prostate cancer
lBorderline Test: One with a result but it may not be clearly answer the question: It is not negative, but it is not positive enough to justify treatment: Example: Borderline hypertension (136/84 blood pressure) |
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Term
| 5 Criteria for Screening Tools |
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Definition
lBrief (No more than 10 items)
lResearch based (Based on sound empirical evidence)
lEasily understood (Scoring, administration, self-explanatory)
lValid (Accurate in identifying at-risk students)
Powerful (Efficient in identifying at-risk students who might benefit from intervention |
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Term
| Next Steps (after screening) |
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Definition
lAdminister diagnostic tests
lTeacher Rating Form or BASC-Teacher
lCBCL or BASC-Parent
lSocial Skills Improvement System (teacher-parent-student)
lRevised Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS)
lChildren’s Depression Inventory (CDI)
lInterviews (teacher, parent, student)
lRecord review
lTreatment planning
lDo we have enough information?
lIf not, what do we need? |
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Term
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Definition
lIndividual CBT; Individual CBT with parents (anxiety)
lGroup CBT with or without parents (anxiety)
lThe Coping Cat (anxiety)
lSocial Effectiveness Training (social phobia)
lCBT group, CBT child only (depression)
lCBT group (depression; adolescent only)
Penn Prevention Program (depression |
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Term
Continuous Progress Monitoring
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Definition
lCurriculum Based Measurement (CBM) well-established progress monitoring tool
lNo CBM analogue for social behavior or mental health issues
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Term
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Definition
Technically adequate (reliability & validity)
Sensitive to short-term changes in academic performance
Time efficient for frequent progress monitoring (1-2 times per week) |
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Term
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Definition
lAPGAR score comprised of 5 “items” taken at birth & 5 minutes later
lHeart rate
lRespiratory effort
lReflex irritability
lMuscle tone
lSkin color
lRated on 0, 1, 2 scale and summed for Total Score
l“Items” not correlated with each other nor correlated with total score
lAll items reflect newborn’s survivability & current health status |
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Term
Brief Behavior Rating Scales (BBRs)
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Definition
lBBRs used in ADHD to assess response to stimulant medication
lIOWA Conners Teacher Rating Scale
lDeveloping General Outcome Measures (GOM) |
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Term
General Outcome Measures (GOM) |
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Definition
lTechnically adequate (reliability & validity)
lSensitive to short-term changes in performance
lAdministered repeatedly over time (1-2 times per week)
lReflects general or overall performance
lEasily administered with minimal rater training required
lNot intervention dependent |
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