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Definition
| A market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists) |
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Definition
| The actions and responses undertaken by competing firms |
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| The process of anticipating a rivals' actions in order to both revise a firm's plan and prepare to deal with rivals' responses. |
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| An initial set of actions to gain competitive advantage |
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Definition
| A set of actions in response to an attack |
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| Awareness , motivation , capability ( AMC) framework |
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Definition
| A conceptual framework indicating when firms are likely to attack and counter-attack each other |
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| A strategy of attack that avoids direct confrontation |
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| Collective attempts between competing firms to reduce competition |
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Term
Tacit collusion
Explicit collusion |
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Definition
Firms indirectly coordinate actions by signalling their intention to reduce output and maintain pricing above competitive levels
Firms directly negotiate output, fix pricing and divide markets |
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Definition
| An entity that engages in output- and price-fixing involving multiple competitors |
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Definition
| In game theory , a type of game in which the outcome depends on two parties deciding whether to coorperate or to defect |
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Definition
| A theory on how agents interact strategically to win |
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Definition
| A game plays over several periods of time |
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Definition
| A strategy of matching the competitors move being either aggressive or accomodative |
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Definition
| The percentage of total industry sales accounted for by the top 4 , 8 or 20 firms |
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Definition
| A firm that has a dominant market share and sets 'acceptable' prices and margins in the industry |
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Definition
| Sufficient resources possessed by a price leader to deter and combat defection |
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Definition
| Firms engage the same rivals in multiple markets |
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Definition
| The overlap between two rivals' markets |
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Definition
| The ability of a firm to expand in a competitor's market if the competitor attacks in its orginal market |
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| Competition policy ( Anti-trust policy) |
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Definition
| Policy governing the rules of the game in competition in a country |
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Definition
| Pricing setting by monopolists or collusion parties at a higher than competitive level |
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Definition
| Laws that attempt to curtail anticompetitive collusion by businesses |
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Definition
| Programmes that give immunity to members of a cartel that first report the cartel to the authorities |
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| Market division collusion |
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Definition
| A collusion to divide markets among competitors |
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| Anti-competitive practices ( by a dominant firm) |
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Definition
| Business practices by a dominating firm that make it more difficult for competitors to enter or survive |
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Definition
| An attempt to monopolize a market by setting prices below cost and intending to raise prices to cover losses in the long run after eliminating rivals |
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Definition
| An exporter selling below cost abroad and planning to raise prices after eliminating local rivals |
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| A competition of R&D units where the one first to patent a new technology gets to dominate a market |
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Definition
| A strategy designed to ensure survival by ensuring liquidity and positive cash flow |
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Definition
| A technique using econometric models to predict the likely future value of key economic variables |
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Definition
| A technique generating multiple scenarios of possible future states of the industry |
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Definition
| Plans devised for specific situations when things could go wrong |
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Definition
| This strategy centres on leveraging local assets in areas in which MNEs are weak |
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Definition
| This strategy centres on leveraging home-grown competencies abroad |
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Definition
| This strategy centres on cooperating through joint ventures ( JVs) with MNEs and sell-offs to MNEs |
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Term
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Definition
| This strategy centres on a firm engaging in rapid learning and then expanding overseas |
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