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Details Title: InteriorDesignReferenceManual Description: Ch.12 Finishes Total Flash Cards: 62 Created: 07/27/2007 02:24:29	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term 4 types of wood flooring Definition 1. strip - most common, thin strips with tounge & groove edges. most are 2 1/4 wide 2. plank - 3-1/4" to 8" wide, used to emulate wider historic planking 3. block - preassembled to 3 configurations (unit block, laminated block, parquet) 4. end grain blocks - solid wood ends 2-4" thick laid on end. very durable, used to be used for industrial areas Term wood floor grading Definition clear grade (the best) select no. 1 common no. 2 common Term wood floor alternatives Definition bamboo palm wood flooring Term 2 methods of wood floor installation Definition 1. over plywood - use moisture barrier, allow for expansion (3/4") at perimeter 2. 2x4 wood sleepers - more resilient, allows for air space where moisture can escape, alternate: resilient pads (gym floors) Term 15lbm asphalt felt Definition optional, layed between strip flooring and plywood subfloor to prevent squeaking and act as a vapor barrier Term engineered wood floors Definition consist of 3, 5, or 7 layers of wood veneer laid at 90 degrees from each other . top layer is actual finished species. more stable. can be nailed to substrate or floated Term five types of stone for interiors Definition granite, marble, limestone, slate, sandstone Term granite - 5 finishes Definition 1.polished - mirror gloss 2.honed - dull sheen 3.fine rubbed - smooth surface free from scratches, no sheen 4.rubbed - occasional slight trails or scratches 5. thermal/flame finish - coarse surface Term marble - 4 finishes Definition 1. polished, brings out full character 2. honed - satin smooth, no gloss 3. abrasive - flat, nonreflective, suitable for stair treads and other non slip surfaces 4. wet-sand - smooth surface also suitable for non slip Term limestone Definition travertine a version of limestone used in interiors has holes that must be filled with epoxy resin to make it smooth usually polished finish Term limestone Definition travertine a version of limestone used in interiors has holes that must be filled with epoxy resin to make it smooth usually polished finish Term sandstone Definition cleaved from original rock, called flagstone with a naturally rough surface can be sawcut into regular shapes Term thin set and thick set installation of stone Definition 1. thin set - uniform thickness of stone is set on subfloor with thin set mortar (1/8") 2. thick set - 3/4-1", requires structurally sound. must be used when the stone thicknesses vary (slate/sandstone), structurally separated with steel mesh from subfloor so it can flex Term latex grout Definition allows for movement in the floor Term non slip finishes for stone Definition granite - flame finish marble - abrasive finish Term terrazo Definition composite material, poured, cured, and polished durable, water resistant, easy to clean, fire resistant Term 4 types of terrazzo Definition 1. standard - uses small chips no larger than 3/8" 2. venetian - larger than 3/8" 3. palladian - thin random fractured slabs of marble with standard terrazzo between 4. rustic - the matrix is depressed to expose the chips (not appropriate for interior flooring) Term terrazzo installation Definition sand cushion method is the best way to avoid cracking, reinforcing mesh is set above membrane and sand cushion -can be thin set if movement of floor not expected Term resiliant flooring - 3 types Definition 1. vinyl flooring - durable, resistant to indentation, abrasion, grease, water, alkilis, and some acids. *vct has less flexibility and abrasion resistance, so should be specified with through body color 2. rubber - comfortable, quiet. not resistant to oils or grease 3. cork - available in tile and plank, high acoustical and resilient value, subfloor has to be perfectly smooth 4. linoleum - very good abrasion and grease resistance, but limited resistance to alkilis Term testing moisture content of concrete for resilient floor installation Definition state the testing requirement in spec. 1. calcium chloride test - place a standard mass of calcium chloride below a plastic cover sealed to the concrete, 72 hours later weight the substance, placed every 500 sf 2. hygrometer test - measures relative humidity, cannot be installed unless RH is 75% or less 3. polyethylene test - seal and 18x18" sheet of plastic to the floor to trap moisture, 16 hours later visible check of moisture 4. mat test - sample is applied to the floor and 72 hours later checked 5. electrical impedence test - probes are placed on the concrete and measures are read Term testing alkalinity of concrete for resilient floor installation Definition alkalinity cannot exist without moisture. causes the adhesive to re-emulsify, can cause the concrete to blister PH tests are done on the floor anc compared with the maximum ph recommended for a particular floor Term carpet - 3 types Definition rug sheet carpet carpet tiles Term carpet fibers Definition *wool - very durable, resilient, wears well, flame resistant, easy to clean & maintain, the most expensive *nylon - very strong and wear resistant high stain resistance, excellent crush resistance, most widely used *acrylic-moderate abrasion resistance, has more of a wool like appearcne *polyester - highly abrasion resistant, good crush resistance, cleans well, mildew resistant, low cost, often blended with nylon *olefin - low melting point, unattractive, often used for backing and indoor/outdoor carpet Term carpet manufacturing: weaving Definition traditional method interlacing warp and weft yarns very attractive and durable most expensive Term 3 methods of weaving Definition 1. wilton - complex patterns, several types of surface textures including level cut pile, level loop, cut/uncut, and multi-level loop. generally heavier and more expensive 2. velvet - simplest type of weaving, generally one color, surface textures include plush, loop pile, cut pile, multi-level loop, and cut & loop 3. axmisnter - made on a modified jacquard, intricate patterns available, surface is even Term carpet tufting Definition pile yarn is punched through the backing, can be cut or left in loop relative low cost, accounts for the majority of carpet Term carpet tufting Definition pile yarn is punched through the backing, can be cut or left in loop relative low cost, accounts for the majority of carpet Term needle punching Definition fiber is pulled through the backing limited variation in texture Term fusion bonding Definition embeds the pile yarn in a backing of liquid vinyl used primarily for carpet tiles Term carpet pitch Definition the number of ends of surface yarn in a 27" width Term carpet guage Definition measured in fractions of an inch, it is the spacing between yarns across the pitch (27") common gauges for contract carpet are 5/64, 1/10, and 1/8 Term stich (stitch rate) Definition the number of lengthwise tufts in 1" the higher the pitch or gauge numbers are, the denser the carpet Term carpet guage Definition measured in fractions of an inch, it is the spacing between yarns across the pitch (27") common gauges for contract carpet are 5/64, 1/10, and 1/8 Term carpet pad Definition increase the life of the carpet, provide better resiliency, help sound absorption, lessen impact noise Term carpet flammability Definition all carpet sold in the US meets the methenamine pill test. IBC also requires that carpet meet the Flooring Radiant Panel test Term tile - two types Definition 1. ceramic - made by extrustion or dust pressed 2. quarry tile - made by extrusion Term classification of tile by water absorption Definition 1. nonvitreous - water absorption rate of more than 7% 2. impervious - water absorption rate less than .5% 3. semivitreous/vitreous tile - classified between nonvitreous and impervious Term tile abrasion resistance classifications Definition Group I - light residential Group II - moderate residential Group III - maximum residential Group IV - commercial Term laminate flooring Definition variation of plastic laminate clear wearing sheet over melamine impregnated decorative sheets and water resistant backing sheet typically laid on a cushioned foam underlayment, vapor barrier is required not recommended for wet areas Term seamless flooring Definition high performance flooring used where special characteristics are required such as extreme hardness, severe stain & chemical resistance applied in thicknesses of 1/16"-1/2" material is turned up at the walls to form the cove base Term coefficient of friction (COF) Definition measurement of the degree of slip resistance of a floor surface, ranging from 0 to 1 - the higher the number the less slippery 0.5 is minimum requred by UL and OSHA for accessible routes, ADA requires .6, and .8 for ramps Term latex paint Definition acrylic is better than vinyl latex water based Term oil paints Definition durable, but very strong odor cannot be painted on damp surfaces Term gloss and semi-gloss paint Definition used for washability and shiny appearance tend to show defects Term satin finish paint Definition provide a dull luster while still retaining some washability Term lead paint Definition if built before 1978, lead paint could have been used certified professionals have to remove lead paint applying a new layer of wallboard or repainting on top may be acceptable Term voc Definition hyrdocarbon solvents used in paints & stains released into the air during application and react with nitrous oxides and sunlight to cause ozone maximum levels are regulated by EPA, some states have lower maximums Term wallpaper Definition generally packaged in rolls of about 36sf, 20.5"w x 21'l. double and triple rolls are available liquid sizing should be applied prior to install Term wallpaper matching Definition straight match - one length is aligned with the next length drop match - next piece is lowered to continue the match Term vinyl wallcovering Definition typically comes in rolls of 53 or 54" wide and 30 yards long Term VWC grades Definition Type I - light duty (7-13oz) (residential) Type II - medium duty (13-22oz) (most commercial) Type III - heavy duty (22oz+) (public corridors, food service, hospitals) Term methods of seaming VWC Definition double cutting: overlapping adjacent strips and cutting through butting: for pattern matching or where removal of adhesive is difficult due to deep pattern or dark color Term fabric wallcovering Definition wool, silk, and synthetics subject to flame shpread most cases, it must be backed with paper Term fabric wallcovering:tuck joint Definition a small recess is provided where the fabric can be tucked into to give a neat edge. used where fabric abuts other finishes, where people could brush against the edge, or a precise line is needed Term acoustic panels Definition designed as individual panels and have at least 1" of sound absorbing material, covered with a loose weave fabric so sound can penetrate outer covering and be absorbed by inner material Term fabric type and core materials for acoustic panels Definition fabric should be permeable and not backed, also should be hydrophobic so it won't sag, balanced weaves should be used. core material can be a loose material such as batting, or a tackable material such as mineral fiberboard Term stone wall finish Definition traditional standard set method, slabs of 3/4" are attached to substrate with stainless steel wires or ties Spots (lumps of plaster of paris) are placed between the substrate and the back of the stone panel at each anchor to hold the slab in place newer, thin tiles are available, and are mortar placed Term window treatments : shades Definition roller shades and inverted roller shades - piece of cloth wound around a spring roller roman shade: roman shades pull up with a cord into accordian folds austrian shades: operate like roman shades, but fold into scallops when opened Term window treatments: blinds Definition venetian blinds: horizonatal slats adjusted with a control cord mini-blinds: horizontal slats only 1/2-1" wide, typically aluminum vertical blinds: hange from a track Term louvered shutters Definition rigid panels, usually hinged, that open and close, have individual louvers that can open and close Term draperies Definition loosely hung fabric that covers a window, commonly attached to a traverse rod pleating includes pinch pleat, stack pleat, roll pleat, and accordion pleat Term curtains Definition like draperies, usually hung in the window frame and close to the glass, in most cases, not intended to be open