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Integrated Science- Sagafi
Tems and Concepts for Integrated Science
50
Science
9th Grade
02/07/2011

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Cards

Term
biosphere
Definition
the area on Earth where living organisms can be found
Term
biotic
Definition
the living component of an ecosystem
Term
abiotc
Definition
the non-living components of an ecosystem
Term
plants (producers, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer)
Definition
producer
Term
primary consumer
Definition
what eats producer
Term
secondary consumer
Definition
what eats primary consumer
Term
tertiary consumer
Definition
what eats secondary consumer
Term
decomposer
Definition
breaks down dead plants and animals
Term
organism
Definition
an individual living thing
Term
species
Definition
a group of organisms that can interbreed under natural conditions and produce fertile offspring
Term
population
Definition
a group of organisms of the same species occupying a given area
Term
community
Definition
all the populations of organisms occupying a given area
Term
ecosystem
Definition
a community and the physical environment that it occupies
Term
biodiversity
Definition
the sum of all the different types of organsims living on Earth; more biodiverse when more species, or more number of organisms live
Term
niche
Definition
how an organism uses its environment
Term
autotroph
Definition
make own food
Term
heterotroph
Definition
eats autotrophs and/or other heterotrophs
Term
what do topographic (topo) maps show?
Definition
elvation, steepness (slope), shape
Term
contour lines
Definition
show vertical distance
Term
solid to liquid
Definition
solidification/freezing
Term
liquid to solid
Definition
solidification/freezing
Term
liquid to gas
Definition
evaporation
Term
gas to liquid
Definition
precipitation/condensation
Term
gas to solid
Definition
sublimation
Term
solid to gas
Definition
deposition
Term
electronegativity
Definition
the tendency/ability for an atom to attract electrons to itself when it is chemically combined with another element
Term
ionization energy
Definition
energy required to lose an electron; easiest for alkali metals
Term
octet rule
Definition
an atom is complete when its outer most energy level is complete, this mean having 8 valence electrons (except H and He)
Term
covalent bond
Definition
a bond between two non metals (molecule; uses prefixes)
Term
ionic bond
Definition
a bond between a non metal and a metal (compound)
Term
metalic bond
Definition
a bond between two metals
Term
ion
Definition
an atom that has lost or gained an electron
Term
cation
Definition
positive ion (lost electron; metals)
Term
anion
Definition
negative ion (gained electron; non metals)
Term
endothermic
Definition
reaction that absorbs heat
Term
exothermic
Definition
reaction that gives off heat
Term
plasma
Definition
ionized gas usually found around lightening
Term
photosynthesis formula
Definition

6H2O+6CO+radiant energy→C6H12O6+6O2

water+carbon dioxide+sunlight→glucose+oxygen

Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition

nitrogen fixing bacteria found in the nodules of legumes, turns free nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into Ammonium Ion

N2→NH4+

Term
mineralization
Definition

when dead thins decay a significant amount of the nitrogen contained within the organism is converted to ammonium

organic N→NH4+

Term
nitrification
Definition

nitrifying bacteria creates nitrates-NO3 and nitrites NO2

NH4+→NO2-→NO3-

Term
denitrification
Definition

denitrifying bacteria remove nitrogen from ecosystem and convert it back to nitrogen gas

NO3-→N2

Term
human impact
Definition
more fertilizer can lead to death, breathing problems, more run off water, over enrichment, dead fish, and algae blooms
Term
carbonic acid
Definition

CO2+rain=carbonic acid

(atmosphere)

Term
carbonates
Definition

carbonic acid+rocks=carbonates (weathering)

(lithosphere)

Term
calcium carbonates
Definition

CO2+ocean=calcium carbonates (shells, corals)

(hydrosphere-oceans)

Term
CO2
Definition

carbonates+heat,pressure,time=CO2

(hydrosphere-oceans & atmosphere)

Term
respiration
Definition

(plants and animals)

C6H12O+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+energy

sugars+consumers→(respiration)new biomas+CO2

Term
fossil fuel formula
Definition
biomass+pressure and time→fossil fuels
Term
CO2 formula for biological carbon cycle
Definition
fossil fuels+burning→CO2
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