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inheritence
unit 9
25
Biology
12th Grade
02/26/2012

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Term
GEne
Definition
segment or piece of DNA molecule w instructions for a trait
Term
Locus
Definition
the location of a gene or a chromosome
Term
Diploid organism
Definition
have 2 genes for each trait
Term
Alleles
Definition
different forms of a single gene is called
Term
Dominant alleles
Definition
~always expressed when inherited
~upper case, first letter of the dominant term
Term
Recessive alleles
Definition
Only expressed in the absence of the absence of the dominant trait
~lower case
Term
Genotype
Definition
inherited allele combination\what you get from your parents
Term
phenotype
Definition
what the genotype means "physical characteristics"
Term
autosomal chromosome
Definition
any chromosome of a type that is the same male and female
Term
carrier
Definition
heterozygous individual who has no apparent abnormality but can pass on an allele for a recessive inherited genetic disorder
Term
codominance
Definition
inherited patter in which both allel of a gene are equally expressed
Term
dihybrid cross
Definition
single genetic cross involving two different traits, such as flower color and plant height
Term
heterozygous
Definition
possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait
Term
homozygous
Definition
possessing 2 identical allels for a particular trait
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
inheritance pattern in which the offspring has an intermediate phenotype as when a red flowered plant and a white flowered plant produce pink flower offspring
Term
multiple allele
Definition
inheritance in which there are more than two alleles for a particular trait; each individual has only two of all possible alleles
Term
polygenic inheritance
Definition
pattern o f inheritance that a trait is controlled by several allelic pairs: each dominant allele contributes to the phenotype in an addition and like manner
Term
what alleles are always expressed
Definition
dominant
Term
these allele are lower case with the first letter of the dominant trait
Definition
recessive
Term
allele
Definition
different forms of a single gene
Term
diploid organisms have two genes foe each
Definition
trait
Term
gregor mendel
Definition
used pea plants to describe inheritance
Term
monohybrid cross
Definition
is a cross in which the original parents differ with regard to one trait
Term
first generation is called the
Definition
parental generation
Term
law of segregation
Definition
~states each individual has two genes for each trait
~genes segregate during the formation of gametes
~each zygote receives two genes for each trait
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