Term
|
Definition
1. Bacterial
2. Viruses
3. Bacterial
4. Parasites |
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Term
|
Definition
| Direct transmission and indirect transmission |
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Term
| Methods of direct transmission |
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Definition
1. Body to Body (sexual and touching)
2. Droplets spread (inhalation/ air droplets)
3. Fecal-Oral spread ( feces on hands--> contact with mouth) |
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Term
| Methods of Indirect Transmission |
|
Definition
1. travel via inanimate objects (toys, keyboards, cell phones)
2. via vectors
3. airborne transmission |
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Term
| Pathogens can enter the body through....? |
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Definition
1. skin
2. respiratory system
3. digestive system
4. reproductive system |
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Term
| describe the Incubation stage |
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Definition
| From time pathogen enters body to time signs and symptoms of disease appear; it can take from few hours to months depending on concentration, virulence, level of immune response, presence of other health problems |
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Term
| what are the stages of Infection |
|
Definition
1. incubation
2. prodromal
3. acute stage
4. decline
5. recovery |
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Term
| describe the prodromal stage |
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Definition
| an early symptom (or set of symptoms) that might indicate the start of a disease before specific symptoms occur |
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Term
|
Definition
| disease reaches point of greatest development while body resists further damage from pathogen |
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Term
| describe the decline stage |
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Definition
| First signs of recovery, but the patient can relapse if overexertion occurs |
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Term
| describe the recovery stage |
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Definition
| Overcome invading pathogen, still susceptible; the body may have built up immunity and will be resistant to future exposure |
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Term
|
Definition
| medicine that stimulates the body to develop specific defense mechanisms |
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Term
| vaccines are available for what diseases? |
|
Definition
- Diphtheria
– Hepatitis B
– Influenza type B
– Tetanus
– Rubella (German measles) & measles
– Polio, mumps & chickenpo |
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Term
|
Definition
| the study of infectious diseases in a population |
|
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Term
| name the 4 types of disease outbreak |
|
Definition
-sporadic
-endemic
-epidemic
-pandemic |
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Term
| describe a sporadic outbreak |
|
Definition
| there are occasional occurrences |
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Term
|
Definition
| the disease occurs regularly in a region |
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Term
|
Definition
| the disease is affecting a unusually large number of people in a region |
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Term
|
Definition
| a global epidemic; the disease is affecting the entire world |
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Term
| What is the most effective way of preventing the spread of infectious diseases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name two ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases? |
|
Definition
-keeping immunizations up-to-date
-washing your hands
-encouraging healthy lifestyles
-encouraging patients to take medication as directed and explaining the impact the infection might have |
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Term
| Name the childhood bacterial diseases? |
|
Definition
-Diphtheria (Upper Respiratory Illness)
-Tetanus (Lockjaw)
-Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
-Influenzae Type B |
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|
Term
| Name the childhood viral diseases? |
|
Definition
-Poliomyelitis (Polio): (Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord)
-Chicken pox
-Mumps
-Measles (rubeola
-German measles (rubella) |
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|
Term
| What type of infection is Mononucleus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are signs and symptoms of mono nucleus? |
|
Definition
-headache, malaise (discomfort, illness, or uneasiness), and fatigue
– 3-5 days: fever, swollen lymph glands, and sore throat |
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Term
| How is Mononucleus transmitted? |
|
Definition
| saliva by the oral-pharyngeal route |
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|
Term
| What are some preventative methods of Mononucleus? |
|
Definition
-no participation in any contact sport
-limited physical training 3 weeks after illness onset |
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Term
| What type of infection is meningitis? |
|
Definition
| there is a bacterial and viral meningitis |
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|
Term
| how do you treat bacterial infections? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you treat viral infections? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some signs and symptoms of meningitis? |
|
Definition
– – – –
– –
-Fever
-Headache
-Nausea; vomiting
-Neck pain and stiffness (nuchal rigidity)
-Muscle pain
-Decreased coordination |
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Term
| How do you manage viral meningitis? |
|
Definition
1.Immediate physician referral
2. No return to activity for 2– 3 weeks after ease of symptoms |
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Term
|
Definition
| sexually transmitted infections |
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|
Term
| What are the most common STIs? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Gonorrhea and Chlamydia are _____________ infections? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are common signs and symptoms of STIs in both male and female? |
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Definition
| Males • Mild itching & burning during urination • discharge from the penis Females • Vaginal discharge may be present • Many STDs asymptomatic until more serious pelvic inflammatory disease occurs |
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Term
| Genital ulcers can be caused by ____________, _____________, and _____________. |
|
Definition
| -Syphilis -Herpes -Chancroids |
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|
Term
| What type of infection is Syphilis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of infection is Herpes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of infection is Chancroids? |
|
Definition
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