Term
typically starts as urethritus with painful, burning urination, and reduced urine flow
-Dx by colony counts in clean catch urine sample |
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Definition
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Term
introduction of bacteria into the bladder
-pain in the pubic area, frequent urge to pee even when the bladder is empty, burning pain (dysuria), cloudy urine, red/pink/orange tint to the urine (hematuria), fever, nausea |
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Definition
| cystitis (bladder infection) |
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Term
infection that affects the kidneys
-symptoms of bladder infection but with radiating back pain and a high fever |
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Definition
| pylonephritis (kidney infection) |
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Term
CC: ________, causes 75 - 90% of uncomplicated cystitis cases in younger women and in more than half of the cases in older women
-dysuria, increased frequency and urgency to urinate
-reinfection/persistent UTI possible |
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Definition
| Uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) |
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Term
Uti often with kidney stone formation
VF: highly motile, potent Urease
-most common in sexually active persons and catheterized individuals
Dx: indole test is used to determine which CC it is; one will be negative for indole and the other positive (shows red ring)
CC?? |
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Definition
Proteus species UTI,
P.mirabilis (- indole), P.vulgaris (+ indole "red is a vulgar color" |
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Term
UTI, Gram(+) CC common in sexually active females
-often misdiagnosed for more common UTI cases
ID: use novobiocin sensitivity to identify, it is resistant to novobiocin |
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Definition
| Staphylococcus Saprophyticus |
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Term
inflammation of the vagina, vaginal itching, burning, sometimes with discharge
-causes vaginitis, oral thrush, diaper rash, and nosocomial infections
-ID: growth of bright white colonies, Gram (+) with large egg shaped budding yeasts
CC? Treatment? |
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Definition
| candida albicans treated with topical or oral azole drugs, some over the counter drugs |
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Term
itching and vaginal discharge with a very "fishy" odor
-grey or yellow discharge, may increase after sex or washing
-infection called vaginosis rather than vaginitis because inflammation in the vagina does not occur
CC: _______ Gram (-)
DX: vaginal smears heavy with bacteria plus "clue cells"
-associated with multiple sex partners and frequent douching |
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Definition
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Term
itching, burning, and vaginal discharge
-causes greenish white, frothy, foul smelling vaginal discharge
-"Strawberry cervix" appearance with inspection
-easily recog in smears as parasite with one eyespot plus lophotrichous flagella (whiskers) |
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Definition
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Term
-inflammation of prostate gland
-pain in the pelvic area/lower back/genital area, frequent urge to urinate, hematuria, painful ejaculation
-can be acute or chronic
-more common among homosexual men and heterosexuals engaging in frequent anal sex |
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Definition
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Term
symptoms of this in male:
-urethritis, painful urination, purulent discharge (yellow/white/gray)
-can lead to infertility
symptoms in females:
-mucopurulent or bloody vaginal discharge
-painful urination if urethra is affected
-could lead to PID
Gram (-) cocci
what is it? treatment? |
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Definition
| Gonorrhea cause by neisseria gonorrhoeae, treated with Ceftriaxone |
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Term
symptoms in male:
-inflammation of urethra
- like gonorrhea but watery discharge
symptoms in female:
-watery discharge
-cervicitis
-salpingitis
what is it? treatment? |
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Definition
| chlamydia treated with azithromycin, doxycyline, PEN could also be used and follow up to check for reinfection |
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Term
-starts as small, painless ulcers on genitals then spreads to the inguinal lymph nodes
-buboes formation as LN swells
-very painful, may rupture
-most common in men, esp homosexual populations
what is it? CC? |
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Definition
| Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) caused by C. trachomatis |
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Term
-if it burns but is not Chlamydia or Gonorrhea, suspect this
-urethritis, light discharge, burning when urinating
-produces urease enzyme
what is it? treatment? |
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Definition
| ureaplasma urealyticum treated with erythromycin and tetracycline |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
-small hard chancre at sight of infection
-painless, ulcerated papule or crusted erosion
-serous exudate, highly infectious
-lesion occurs 2-10 days post infection and erodes within 3-8 weeks
what is it? treatment? |
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Definition
| Primary syphilis treated with Penicillin |
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Term
-widely disseminated (spreading) bacteria with many clinical manifestations
-occurs 2-12 weeks post primary lesions
-skin rash (typically on palms and soles), mucous patches in and around mouth
-fever, malaise, join pain, hair loss, condyloma lata (warts near chancre sites) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
-can occur as immune system cross-reacts with host tissue
-Gummas (rubbery lesions) in organs/bone/skin, necrotic soft palate, tongue perforations, weakened aorta + abdominal aortic aneurysms, CNS involvement (dementia, ataxia, sensory defects)
"attacks your nuts, then you go nuts" |
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Definition
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Term
-single/multiple vesicles on the genitalia, perineum, thigh or buttocks
-when broken, vesicles crust or scab over
-can be accompanied by malaise, anorexia, fever, and bilateral swelling and tenderness of the groin
-recurrent episodes of lesions (latent in neural ganglia)
what is it? treatment? |
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Definition
| genital herpes treated with acyclovir or valacyclovir |
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Term
-causes genital warts (often flat) or Condylomata acuminata (elevated/raised cauliflower-like lesions)
CC? |
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Definition
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Term
causes carcinoma of the uterine cervix, penis, and anus
-leads to uncontrolled growth and malignant transformation of the cells
CC? |
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Definition
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Term
-causes skin and plantar warts (benign infection of squamous epithelial cells)
CC? |
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Definition
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