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Imperialism
Ch. 11 Modern World History Text Book
34
History
9th Grade
01/09/2008

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Term
Imperialism
Definition
The takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the political, economic, and social life of the people of that nation.
Term
Racism
Definition
The idea that one race is superior to others.
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
The application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies- particularly as justification for imperialist expansion.
Term
Berlin Conference 1884-1885
Definition
14 European nations met to prevent fighting and lay down rules for the division of Africa. They agreed that any European country could claim land in Africa by notifying other nations of their claims and showing they could control the area.
Term
Shaka
Definition
A Zulu chief who used highly disciplined warriors and a good military organization to create a large centralized state.
Term
Boers
Definition
A Dutch colonist in South Africa.
Term
Great Trek
Definition
A migration of Dutch colonists out of British-controlled territory in South Africa during the 1830's.
Term
Boer War
Definition
A conflict, lasting from 1899 to 1902 in which the Boers and the British fought for control of territory in South Africa. Britain won the war.
Term
Paternalism
Definition
A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
A policy based on the idea that in time, the local populations would become absorbed into French culture.
Term
Menelik II
Definition
Term
Geopolitics
Definition
A foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands.
Term
Crimean War
Definition
A conflict, lasting from 1853 to 1856 in which the Ottoman Empire, with the aid of Britain and France, halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
Term
Suez Canal
Definition
A manmade waterway connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, which was opened in 1869.
Term
Sepoy
Definition
An Indian soldier serving under British command.
Term
"Jewel in the crown"
Definition
The British colony of India- so called because of its importance in the British Empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods.
Term
Sepoy Mutiny
Definition
An 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India.
Term
Raj
Definition
The British-controlled portions of India in the years 1757-1947.
Term
Opium War
Definition
A conflict between Britain and China, lasting from 1839 to 1842, over Britain's opium trade in China.
Term
Extraterritorial Rights
Definition
An exemption of foreign residents from the laws of a country.
Term
Taiping Rebellion
Definition
A mid-19th century rebellion against the Qing Dynasty in China, led by Hong Xiuquan.
Term
Sphere of Influence
Definition
A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.
Term
Open Door Policy
Definition
A policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
A 1900 rebellion in China, aimed at ending foreign influence in the country.
Term
Treaty of Kanagawa
Definition
An 1854 agreement between the United States and Japan, which opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships and allowed the United States to set up an embassy in Japan.
Term
Meiji Era
Definition
The period of Japanese history from 1867 to 1912 during which the country was ruled by Emperor Mutsuhito.
Term
Russo-Japanese War
Definition
A 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries' efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea.
Term
Annexation
Definition
The adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit.
Term
Mercantilism
Definition
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought.
Term
Meji
Definition
Term
Colony
Examples of Imperial Control
Definition
A country or a region governed internally by a foreign power.
Term
Protectorate
Examples of Imperial Control
Definition
A country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power
Term
Sphere of Influence
Examples of Imperial Control
Definition
An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges.
Term
Economic Imperialism
Examples of Imperial Colony
Definition
Independent but less developed nations controlled by private business interests rather than by other governments.
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