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| An enzyme that digests the cell walls of most bacteria; found in mucous secretions (saliva, tears, etc.) |
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| White blood cells that produce antimicrobial proteins, initiate inflammation, and ingest microorganisms; attach to prey via surface receptors that bind to structures like bacterial polysaccharides and then engulf the microbe, killing it with a lysosome |
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| cells that attack virus-infected body cells and cancer cells; causes apoptosis |
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| white blood cells that recognize antigens and produce humoral and/or cell-mediated (different) responses |
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| defensive proteins secreted by B-lymphocytes that bind to microbes (antigens) and mark them for elimination [HUMORAL RESPONSE] |
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| cells that directly destroy infected body cells, cancer cells or foreign tissue |
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| 60%-70% of WBC's; destroy microbes in infected tissue, self-destruct |
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| "big eater"; develop from monocytes (5% of WBC's); spleen, lymph nodes, throughout body |
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| 5% of WBC's; circulate through blood for a few hours and then migrate into tissues and perform phagocytosis (turn into macrophages) |
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| discharge destructive enzymes to parasites; low phagocytic activity, but fight multicellular parasites |
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| Stimulate development of acquired immunity; can ingest microbes like macrophages |
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| 30 serum proteins; inactive in the absence of infection; microbial surface substances trigger activation of the complement system and lysis of the microbes |
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| Secreted by virus-infected body cells; neighboring uninfected cells produce other substances that inhibit viral reproduction (not specific) |
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| secreted by activated macrophages; small proteins that damage broad groups of pathogens |
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| a chemical that triggers dilation, capillary permeability, etc. |
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| inflammation causing cells in connective tissues |
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| small proteins that direct the migration of phagocytes and tell them to increase production of microbe-killing compound |
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| proteins that activate lymphocytes |
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| epitope (antigenic determinant) |
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Definition
| the small and accessible portion of an antigen that is bound by a lymphocyte |
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Definition
| Y-shaped molecule with 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains |
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Definition
| the tips of a B-cell receptor's y |
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| the end of the Y in a B-cell receptor |
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| secreted antibodies that are structurally similar to B-cell receptors, but that are not anchored in the plasma membrane |
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Definition
| alpha and beta chains with V- and C- regions |
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