Term
| What are the cells associated with Innate Immunity? |
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Definition
- Granulocytes - Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils
- Monocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic cells
- Mast Cells
- One from the lymphocyte lineage - Natural Killer Cells
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Term
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Definition
- Short-lived circulating lymphocytes
- Phagocytic
- Most numerous of the Phagocytic cells
- Usually the first responder at sites of inflammation
- contain variety of surface receptors
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Term
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Definition
| The process of capturing, engulfing, and killing of microorganisms and small particles |
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Term
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Definition
- Found in most tissues
- main defense against parasitic infections
- contain antibody receptor for IgE
- Release major basic protein and eosinophil cationic protein which are toxic to helminths
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Term
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Definition
- main contribution is unknown
- Circulating cell
- Will release Histamine and Heparin upon degranulation
- Contains antibody receptors for IgE
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Term
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Definition
- Much larger then Granulocytes
- Mobile progenitors of sedentary Macrophages
- Respond to Cytokines rapidly and keep the supply of Macrophages high
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Term
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Definition
| Signals sent out by other cells |
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Term
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Definition
- found mainly in connective tissue, GI tract, along blood vessels, and in the mucosal epithelium
- Release Histamine and Heparin during degranulation
- contribute to inflammation
- Complement activation of Mast Cells leads to production of anaphylatoxin (which induces degranulation)
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Term
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Definition
- huge cells that are a fusion of multiple precursor cells
- found only in the bone marrow and are large platelet factories
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Term
| What are Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs)? |
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Definition
- Cells that endocytose antigens, break them down, and display the pieces on their surfaces via major histocompatibility complexes (MHC)
- Consist of Macrophages and Dendritic cells
- Play a key role in the activation of the Adaptive Immune Response
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Term
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Definition
- Sedentary Antigen Presenting Cells
- Mature form of Monocytes
- Big, irregularly shaped, and large number of vacuoles
- Main function is Phagocytosis
- "Scavenger cells" phagocytose dead cells, cellular debris, and microorganisms
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Term
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Definition
- Most effective Antigen-Presenting Cell
- Produce cytokines
- Star shaped
- present in almost all tissues
- ability to migrate from tissues to secondary lymphoid tissues
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Term
| Describe Natural Killer Cells |
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Definition
- Part of the Lymphoid lineage
- large granular lymphocytes
- found in circulation and in the secondary lymphoid tissue
- defense against viruses and certain tumor cells
- Kill virus infected cells and secrete cytokines
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Term
| What happens when we can't clear the infection with the Innate Response? |
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Definition
| If the Innate system can't manage the infection the second arm of the immune system is brought in, the Adaptive Immune Response. |
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Term
| Cells of Adaptive Immunity |
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Definition
- Very specific
- B cells - specific receptor molecule is the Immunoglobulin
- T cells - Specific receptor molecule is the T-cell receptor
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