Term
3 functions of the immune system |
|
Definition
- Defense
- Homeostasis
- Surveillance
|
|
|
Term
This decribes a malfunction of the defense part of the immune system. This malfuntion leads to increase in infection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a person has HIV and then get injured, what would you expect the inury to look like in terms of inflammation and drainage? |
|
Definition
A person with HIV will have a hyporeaction and will have minimal to no inflammation and drainage, depending on the severity of the virus. |
|
|
Term
If the surveillance function of the immune system is malfuntioning, what will be seen? |
|
Definition
Malignancies and cancers. The surveillance function precieves and destroys cell mutants. If these are not found, they will turn cancerous. |
|
|
Term
This malfunction in the defense area of the immune system leads to allergies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The 3 physical barries that protect the body |
|
Definition
1) Intact skin
2) Acid mantle
3) Mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
What are the chemical barries that the body has, which protects it> |
|
Definition
| Acid secretions from the skin, the stomach (HCL acid), and enzymes in the tears and saliva |
|
|
Term
How do we preserve the acid mantle of babies? |
|
Definition
| Babies are give only ONE bath in the hospital, right when they are born. After that, they may only be cleaned in the diaper area. They are not given a full bath until the return home. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does a high WBC count indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does a low WBC mean? |
|
Definition
The bone marrow is impaired, by disease of drug, and is not producing new cells (HIV) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Where are lymphocytes and monocytes generated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the tree stages of defense in the immune response? |
|
Definition
- Phagocytic response
- Humoral/Antibody response
- Cell mediated response
|
|
|
Term
During which stage of defense do we see inflammation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How long does it take for inflammation to heal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A malfunction in which stage of defense is associated with Lupus? |
|
Definition
| The 3rd stage: Cell mediated response. Lupus, allergues and RA occur when the cell mediated response is not turned off. It is the T8 lymphocytes responsible for turning this off. |
|
|
Term
| During this stage of defense, B-lymphocites are made into antibodies |
|
Definition
2nd stage: the humoral response |
|
|
Term
| Babies who are breast fed recieve this antibody from their mother |
|
Definition
| IgA. IgA is found in mothers milk (in greatest amounts in the first milk, "colostum") |
|
|
Term
| Which antibody passes the placenta to the fetus? |
|
Definition
| IgG. This protects the baby for the first 6 months of life, until the immune system is pretty much matured. |
|
|
Term
| Atrophy of the thymus glad results in this: |
|
Definition
| decreased T-cell production. Atrophy of the thymus glad is a normal part of aging and it usually occurs by age 65. |
|
|
Term
| Which blood test result tells us that a patient should be put on reverse precautions? |
|
Definition
| ANA <1000. This is neutropenia. |
|
|
Term
| Which precations should we take for a patient whose thrombocyte count is <50,000 |
|
Definition
| bleeding precatuions. Use a soft toothbrush, no injections, no invasive procedures, to rectal temps, no enemas, use saftey razors. |
|
|
Term
| What is natural passive immunity? |
|
Definition
| When antibodies are transferred naturally from an immune mother to her baby through the placenta or the milk (IgG and IgA) |
|
|
Term
| During which stage of anaphylaxis does a person feel impending doom |
|
Definition
| Moderate (the second of 3 phases) |
|
|
Term
| Which cells are Lupus patients hypersensetive to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of lupus affects only the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With which autoimmune disorder might the patient present with a red rash on their face, which covers the tops of both cheeks and the bridge of the nose |
|
Definition
| The butterfly rash is indicitive of Systempic Lupus Erythematosus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treats severe hypertension. May trigger lupus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antiarrhythmic which may trigger lupus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| given for TB, may trigger lupus |
|
|
Term
| chlorpromazine (Thorazine) |
|
Definition
| antipsychotic, may trigger lupus |
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic groups are at greatist risk for lupus |
|
Definition
| African American and Latino |
|
|
Term
| What findings will show up on a CBC, for a patient with lupus |
|
Definition
leukopenia (low WBC)
anemia (RBC, Hgb, Hct)
thrombocytopenia (low platelets)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cause is unknown. It is an autoimmune response to unknown antigens, or to an altered production and funtion of collagen |
|
|
Term
| What is a pannus and how does it occur? |
|
Definition
| A pannus occurs in RA when collagen is broken down. A pannus destroys cartilage and erodes the bone. It has infammatroy cells which continue to inflame and destpry the joint. |
|
|
Term
| What is they typcal age of the onset of RA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During physcail assessment, the nurse palpates the joints of a patient with RA. How might the joint feel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| New drug developed specifically for Lupus. It interferes with B-lymphocyte production and is given IV Q4 weeks. |
|
|
Term
| How long after starting Proguanil can a patient expect to see results? What precations should they take? |
|
Definition
Decrease of pain may take 2-4 months.
They need an eye exam every 6-12 months. |
|
|
Term
Who recieves Gold therapy?
How long does it take to see results? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the peak onset of JRA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of JRA that involves 4 or fewer joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of JRA that involves 4 or more joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of JRA that presents with high fevers, rash, preicarditis, pruritis, neuropathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what way do the majority of JRA cases "progress?" |
|
Definition
| 70% "burn out" on their own. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| given for JRA, 2nd line when NSAIDs fail, monitor CBC, avoid pregnancy |
|
|
