Term
| what is the largest organ in the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the skin the thickest (3) |
|
Definition
| dorsal, sacral, and extensor surfaces |
|
|
Term
| which color of skin has the most melanocytes |
|
Definition
| trick question! all have the same amount |
|
|
Term
| what are the 8 functions of the skin |
|
Definition
mechanical barrier
regulate body temp
make vit D
BP regulation
repair surface wounds
excrete waste
express emotion |
|
|
Term
| what are the hree processes that cause changes in the skin |
|
Definition
local reaction to external or internal simuli
systemic disease
cutaneous diseasse |
|
|
Term
| what are the histological properities of white skin |
|
Definition
decreased pigmentation due to...
no melanocytes in basal cell layer
melancytes in groups
thin stratum corneum |
|
|
Term
| what does white skin look like when inflammed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the follicular abnormalities of white skin (2) |
|
Definition
follicle at verticle angle
follicle round to ovoid |
|
|
Term
| what are the histological properities of black skin |
|
Definition
increased pigmentation due to...
melanoctes produce more pigment and are larger
stratum corneum is pigmented and thicker
melanocytes in basal layer |
|
|
Term
| what does black skin look like when inflammed |
|
Definition
hypopigmentation most often
hyperpigmentation sometimes |
|
|
Term
| what are 3 follicle abnormalities of black skin |
|
Definition
follicle at acute angle
hair is flat
follicle rupture |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between hispanic, white, and black skin |
|
Definition
hispanic skin has some melanocytes in basal layer
white has none
black has many |
|
|
Term
| what are the histological properities of asian skin |
|
Definition
slight increased pigmentation due to...
slight increased pigment and melanocyte size
stratum corneum pigmented
melanocytes in basal cell layer |
|
|
Term
| what does inflammation in asian skin look like |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 2 follicle abnormalities of asian skin |
|
Definition
follicle is verticle
follicle is round |
|
|
Term
| what are the three main layers of skin |
|
Definition
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 layers of the epidermis |
|
Definition
stratum corneum
s. lucidum
s. granulosum
s. spinosum
s. basale |
|
|
Term
| what is the stratum corneum made of |
|
Definition
| close packed dead squamous cells |
|
|
Term
| what is different about the skin of the pams and soles |
|
Definition
| only skin with stratum lucidum |
|
|
Term
| what is the dermis made of and the functions of the components |
|
Definition
vascular CT: nourish epidermis
elastin, collagen, fibrin: seperate and support epidermis from SC adipose
sensory nerves: pain, touch, temp, autonomics |
|
|
Term
| what is the hypodermis made of and the functions of the components |
|
Definition
SC layer of loose CT
fat: heat generation, insulation, absorb shock, reserve calories |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 skin appendages |
|
Definition
eccrine sweat glands
apocrine sweat glands
sebaceous glands
hair
nails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epidermal cells that invaginate into dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 steps of the skin exam |
|
Definition
history
physical: distribution, primary lesions
ddx
testing |
|
|
Term
| what are the 11 primary skin lesions |
|
Definition
macule
papule
patch
plaque
wheal
nodule
tumor
vesicle
bulla
pustule
cyst |
|
|
Term
| what are the three main layers of skin |
|
Definition
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 layers of the epidermis |
|
Definition
stratum corneum
s. lucidum
s. granulosum
s. spinosum
s. basale |
|
|
Term
| what is the stratum corneum made of |
|
Definition
| close packed dead squamous cells |
|
|
Term
| what is different about the skin of the pams and soles |
|
Definition
| only skin with stratum lucidum |
|
|
Term
| what is the dermis made of and the functions of the components |
|
Definition
vascular CT: nourish epidermis
elastin, collagen, fibrin: seperate and support epidermis from SC adipose
sensory nerves: pain, touch, temp, autonomics |
|
|
Term
| what is the hypodermis made of and the functions of the components |
|
Definition
SC layer of loose CT
fat: heat generation, insulation, absorb shock, reserve calories |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 skin appendages |
|
Definition
eccrine sweat glands
apocrine sweat glands
sebaceous glands
hair
nails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epidermal cells that invaginate into dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 steps of the skin exam |
|
Definition
history
physical: distribution, primary lesions
ddx
testing |
|
|
Term
| describe a macule: size, feel, appearance |
|
Definition
flat, non-palpable, corcumscribed
less than 1 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brown, red, purple, white, tan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| freckles, rubeola, rubella |
|
|
Term
| describe a papule: feel, size, appearance |
|
Definition
elevated
palpable, firm
circumscribed
less than 1 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brown, red, pink, purple, ran |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| desceibe a papule: feel, appearance, size |
|
Definition
flat, non-palpable, irregular shape
greater than 1 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vitilgo, port wine marks, birth marks |
|
|
Term
| describe a plque: feel, appearance, size, depth |
|
Definition
elevated, flat topped, firm, rough
superificial
greater than 1 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
psoriasis
seborrhetic heratosis
actinic keratosis |
|
|
Term
| describe a wheal: feel, shape, look |
|
Definition
| elevated, irregular, cutaneous edema, solid, transient, changing, variable diameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pale pink with white center |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe a nodule: feel, appearance, depth |
|
Definition
elevated, firm, circumscribed, palpable
deeper in dermis than papule
1-2 cm diameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe a tumor: feel, appearance, size, color |
|
Definition
| elevated, solid, demarcation varies, greater than 2 cm, color could be same or vary from skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe a vesicle: feel, depth, appearance, size |
|
Definition
| elevated, circumscribed, superificial, serous fluid fill, less than 1 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe a bulla: appearance, size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blister, bullous phemigoid |
|
|
Term
| describe a pustule: feel, depth, appearance |
|
Definition
| elevated, superificial, purulent fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe a cyst: feel, look, |
|
Definition
elevated, circumscribed, palpable, encapsulated
liquid or semisolid fill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wpidermial inclusion, follicular, infundibular |
|
|
Term
| 15 secondary skin lesions |
|
Definition
nevi/mole
striaw
lentigines/ephilides, seborrheiic keratosis
melisma/cholasma
vitiligo
scale
lihenification
scar
keloid
excoriation
fissure
erosion
ulcer
crust
atrophy |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common skin irregularity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
less prominent on black skin
occurs all over people on all people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raised, flat, dome, smooth, rough, hairy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dysplastic
pre-cancerous
cancerous
harmless |
|
|
Term
| what is a striae and the cause |
|
Definition
stretch marks
weight gain, pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| lentigines, ephilides, seborrheiic keratosis: location, 2 examples |
|
Definition
sun exposed areas
freckles, liver spots |
|
|
Term
| melisma.cholasma: look, location, cause |
|
Definition
hyperpigmentation on face, neck, UE, sometimes trunk
associated with pregnancy and hormone use
variable look on ethnic skin types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eaped up keratinized cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flaky exfoliation, irregular, varies in size
thick or thin
dry or oily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
psoriasis
exfoliative dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| lichenification: look, feel, location, cause |
|
Definition
rubbing or irritation
rouch, thick epidermis
often on flexor surfaces |
|
|
Term
| example of lichenification |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick to thin fibrous tissue replacing injured dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
atrophic or hypertrophic
irregular or regular
pink, white, red |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevated progressivly growing scar beyone boundries of wound due to excessive collagen formation in healing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of epidermis causes linear or hollowed out area of dermis exposure |
|
|
Term
| 2 examples of excoriation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
small, deep, linear crack or break from epidermis to dermis
red |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| define erosion, size, look, feel |
|
Definition
loss of all or part of epidermis following rupture of vesicle or bulla
depressed, moist
larger than fissure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of epidermis and dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
concave
variable size and shape
red or red/blue exudate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decubitis ulcer
stasis ulcer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dried serum
blood
purulent exudate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brown, red, black, tan, straw |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thinning of skin and loss of skin markings |
|
|
Term
| what does atrophy look like |
|
Definition
| translucent and paper like |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 patterns of skin lesion arrangement and a short explination of each |
|
Definition
annular: one lesion
grouped: multiple lesions near eachother
linear: multiple lesions in line
diffuse: multiple lesions randomly |
|
|
Term
| what are the three ways we describe localization and distribution of lesions |
|
Definition
generalized or local
region of body
pattern |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 ways to describe patterns of lesions |
|
Definition
dermatomal
flexor/extensor
random
relation to... clothes, jewelry, etc
discrete/confluent |
|
|
Term
| what are 7 pieces of equipment dermatologests use |
|
Definition
centimeter ruler that is clear and flexible
woods lamp to view flourescent lesions
magnifying glass
comedone extractor
boipsy tools
observation
cryo-therapy |
|
|
