Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Sulfasalazine is used for |
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Definition
| Ulcerative colitis is treated with |
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Term
|
Definition
| These inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase BLOCKING FOLATE SYNTHESIS |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria resist these by overproduction PABA, altered dihydropteroate synthetase enzyme, or decreased permeability |
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Term
| Sulfa (absorption/distribution) |
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Definition
| These drugs are rapidly absorbed and well distributed including CSF/placenta |
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Term
|
Definition
| These drugs are mainly metabolized in the Liver, and excreted mainly by Kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| Side effects include hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency, kernicterus in fetus, blood cell failures |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| These drugs are indicated for: Nocardia, RIF-resistant M. kansasii, Rheumatic fever prophylaxis, N.meningitidis prophylaxis, Chronic otitis media, P.falciparum a severe malaria |
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Term
|
Definition
| This potentiates activity of SMX by preventing reduction of dihydroflate to teatrahydrofolate, and inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase |
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Term
| TMP-SMX (absorprtion/distribution) |
|
Definition
| This is well absorbed, widely distributed including CNS |
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Term
|
Definition
| This is mainly excreted via kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| This is resisted by decreasing permeability, overproduction of dihydrofolate reductase, and altered dihydrofolate reductase |
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Term
|
Definition
| This can cause fever/HypoT and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in HIV pts., neutropeia, reversible renal dysfunction, uncommonly hepatitis |
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|
Term
| TMP-SMX (drug interaction) |
|
Definition
| This drug causes increased Rifampin levels |
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Term
|
Definition
| This is indicated for UTI, prostatitis, RT infections, PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII PNEUMONIA and TOXOPLASMOSIS |
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Term
|
Definition
| Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, and Azithromycin are part of this drug class |
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|
Term
| Erythromycin (GI effects) |
|
Definition
| This drug causes increased GI motility which can upset stomach |
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|
Term
| Clarithromycin (advantages to Eryth) |
|
Definition
| This drug offers better bioavailability, less hemiketal intermdiate formation, and less GI intolerance over Erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| Azithromycin (advantages) |
|
Definition
| This drug is better because of long half-life, better tissue penetration (<serum concen though), more active vs. many gram negs, but less active vs. some gram pos. |
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Term
|
Definition
| These drugs bind reversible to 50S subunit and inhibit RNA-dependent protein synthesis, and is bacteriostatic |
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Term
| Clari and Azi (bactericidal for) |
|
Definition
| These drugs are bactericidal for Strep pyogenes (GAS), Strep pneumo, H.influenzae |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| This is resisted by altering binding site on the 50s subunit |
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|
Term
| Macrolides (general resistance) |
|
Definition
| GAS and pneumococci are becoming R, if pen-R than normally resistant, and gram-pos show cross-resistance in this group |
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|
Term
| Macrolide (pharmacokinetics) |
|
Definition
| Clari better for bacteremia (>serum), Azi better for tissue. These also concentrate in macrophages and PMNL |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ery/Clari metabolized by CYP3A and excreted in urine/bild, Azi is eliminated in feces and has limited drug-drug interactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These drugs are effective for: Gm+, and Gm- including Neisseria ahd H.influenzae |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| These drugs are indicated in URT infec (pharyngitis, sinusitis), otitis media, LRT infec (bronchitis, pneumonia esp. Mycolasma, Chlamydia, and Legionella) |
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Term
|
Definition
| This drug is useful because it is approved for single-dose Rx for chlamydial and gonococcal infections |
|
|
Term
| Macrolide (GI indication) |
|
Definition
| These drugs are indicated for Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni |
|
|
Term
| Macrolide (NTM indication) |
|
Definition
| These drugs are indicated for M.avium-intracellulare (MAI) and other infections (not Ery), used as preventative Rx vs MAI in AIDS patients |
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|
Term
| Macrolide (rare/serious side effects) |
|
Definition
| These drugs can cause torsades de pointes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These drugs inhibit protein synthesis through binding the 30S ribosome and are primarily bacteriorstatic |
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Term
|
Definition
| These are resisted by a plasmid mediated efflux pump and ribosomal protection proteins |
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Term
| Tetracyclines (pharmacokinetics) |
|
Definition
| These drugs are available PO/IV with wide distribution (including placenta and bones) and is excreted via the kidneys |
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Term
| Tetracyclines (renal failure) |
|
Definition
| Doxycycline should only be used when patients are experiencing this |
|
|
Term
| Tetracyclines (side effects) |
|
Definition
| These drugs can cause PHOTOSENSITIVITY, teeth/bone discoloration, liver toxicity in pregnants, and yeast vaginitis |
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|
Term
| Tetracyclines (indications) |
|
Definition
| This is indicated for Brucella, Lyme disease, Chlamydia, H.pylori, Rickettsia (doxy), Nocardia (mino), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (mino), and CA-MRSA if S |
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Term
|
Definition
| This drug is indicated for Nocardia and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Tigecycline belongs in this drug class |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This drug binds reversible to 30S ribosomal subunit (stronger than other TCN), and is considered Bacteriostatic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MSSA, MRSA, VISA< VRSA, coag-neg staph, Enterococcus (incl. VRE), Strep. Pneumo, Enterobacter, some anaerobes, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, some rapidly growing NTMs |
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