Term
| When do primitive gonads appear in gestation? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How does gonadal development begin? |
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Definition
| primordial germ cell migration through dorsal mesentery |
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Term
| Do testicular and ovarian development occur at the same time? |
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Definition
| No, testicular development occurs 4-5 weeks before ovarian development |
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|
Term
| When does gonadal differentiation take place? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What determines gonadal differentiation? |
|
Definition
| presence or absence of Sex determining Region Y gene on the Y chromosome |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is the first sign of male differentiation? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what causes regression of the paramesonephric ducts? |
|
Definition
| anti-mullerian hormone produced by sertoli cells |
|
|
Term
| what leads to development of the mesonephric ducts? |
|
Definition
| testosterone produced by leydig cells |
|
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Term
| when do females have the maximum number of oocytes? |
|
Definition
20 weeks gestation
(6-7 million) |
|
|
Term
| what kind of abnormalities are associated with mullerian abnormalities? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what are the different stages of the renal system? |
|
Definition
1) pronephros - no excretory function in humans
2) mesonephros - secretes urine for several weeks
3) metanephros - permanent collecting system; forms at 5 wks gestation |
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|
Term
| what are the 2 pairs of ducts that form the genitourinary system? |
|
Definition
mesonephric = wolffian = male
paramesonephric = mullerian = female |
|
|
Term
| what forms from the wolffian duct? |
|
Definition
| caudal portion becomes vas deferens, seminal vesicles, epididymis |
|
|
Term
| what is the vagina formed from |
|
Definition
upper 1/3 - mullerian duct
lower 2/3 - urogenital sinus |
|
|
Term
| what is formed from the mullerian duct? |
|
Definition
| cranial portion forms the fallopian tubes, uterus, upper 1/3 of vagina |
|
|
Term
| what happens if the mullerian duct fusion doesnt occur? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are vertical fusion defects? |
|
Definition
| vaginal anomalies resulting from failure of mullerian duct formation |
|
|
Term
| are male and female internal genetalia from same or different precursors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aremale and female external genitalia from same or different precursors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does male external genital development depend on? |
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Definition
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|
Term
normal female phenotype, small stature
disease?
karyotype?
genitalia?
cause? |
|
Definition
Turner's syndrome
45 X
normal external genitalia and uterus
secondary to meiotic nondisjunction |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common chromosome abnormality in spontaneous abortions? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
female phenotype, presents w/ amenorrhea
disease?
karyotype?
genitalia?
cause? |
|
Definition
male pseudohermaphroditism
46 XY
male gonads; failure of virilization of external genitalia
abnormal adrogen production or receptor, inability to convert testosterone to DHT, or androgen insensitivity |
|
|
Term
| ambiguous genitalia in newborn girls |
|
Definition
female pseudohermaphroditism
46 XX
female gonads
enzyme deficiency in steroidogenesis pathway
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21 hydroxylase deficiency most common cause
blocks cortisol production -> increase ACTH -> increase adrogens -> virilization of external genitalia |
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|
Term
| how long does it take sperm to develop? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long does it take sperm to get into uterine tube? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many sperm make it through the vagina? |
|
Definition
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