Term
| What was the monster creeping toward the village in AD 1653? |
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Definition
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Term
| What weapon did the priest use to try and stop this monster? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much warmer was the Medieval Warm Period than the previous Dark Ages? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened to human population during the Medieval Warm Period? |
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Definition
| Boomed. (diseases diminised) |
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Term
| What kind of buildings were built in the Medieval Warm Period? |
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Definition
| Large buildings - cathedrals |
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Term
| What assumption did the Medieval People make about the climate? |
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Definition
| Unchanged - stayed constant. |
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Term
| How much cooler was it during the Little Ice Age? |
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Definition
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Term
| What event in England inspired Frost Fairs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the 1st catastrophe of the Little Ice Age (AD 1315-1320)? |
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Definition
| The weather - it rained for 5 years |
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Term
| What impact did this 5-year event have on agriculture and human population? |
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Definition
| Flattened crops. Population dropped. 1.5 million died of starvation in 1 year |
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Term
| What European crops were particularly vulnerable to these weather conditions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many famines occurred in France between A.D. 1371-1791? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the greatest killer during these famines? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the LIA climactic conditions nuture Bubonic Plague? |
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Definition
| People huddled in their houses, because of the cold and the wetness, as did rats. |
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Term
| What fraction of European population was killed by the "Black Death"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who did the people (and the Pope) blame for these climactic conditions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many people have been put to death in an attempt to change these conditions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What island was settled by the Vikings during the Medieval Warm Period? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 sources of food for the Vikings on the island? |
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Definition
| Livestock, cod, imported goods |
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Term
| What do carbon isotopes reveal about changes in Viking diet during the LIA? |
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Definition
| 80% land 20% sea -to- 20% land 80% sea |
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Term
| Why didn't the Vikings follow the successful adaptation of the Iniut? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 possible causes of the Little Ice Age? |
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Definition
| 1 - Less radiation from the sun; 2 - Volcanic eruptions; 3 - Oceanic conveyer belt |
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Term
| What may have caused the 7 coldest decades (A.D. 1645-1715) during the Little Ice Age? |
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Definition
| Northern temps dropped 3 degrees; less sun spots/radiation |
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Term
| What 2 new crops were developed that resisted the damp and cold of the LIA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the 2 benefits of a greater reliance on livestock for food during the LIA? |
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Definition
| 1 - Livestock adapt to cold; 2 - Produce fertilizer for soil |
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Term
| What 3rd new crop was introduced from the Andes Mountains in South America? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did many Europeans initially refuse to eat this new crop from South America? |
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Definition
| Leaves were poisonous, grew underground, thought it was sinful to eat |
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Term
How did the warfare finally convince German peasants to adopt this South American crop? |
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Definition
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Term
| What European country rejected all three of these new crop innovations? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened to the European country after the bitterly cold winter of 1788-1789? |
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Definition
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Term
| What European Country's over-reliance on the potato led to disaster in 1845? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 diseases swept across this countries famine-weakened population? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the Stradivarius violin's beautiful sound a result of the Little Ice Age? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is American's preference for beer and hard liquor a reuslt of the LIA? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was the destruction of Napoleon's army in Russia, largely the result of the LIA? |
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Definition
| Temperature drops 30 degrees below 0 |
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Term
| How was the destruction of the Spanish Armada, largely the result of the LIA? |
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Definition
| Intense low pressure; 20-30 ft waves; Temperatures dropping below freezing in September |
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Term
| How was the LIA a factor in Washington's victory over the Prussians at Trenton, NJ? |
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Definition
| The river they crossed was filled with ice, so they weren't expecting anyone crazy enough to cross a river that dangerous. |
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Term
During the LIA, what natural disaster caused the "year without a summer" (1815)? |
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Definition
Volcanic eruption from an extinct volcano |
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Term
Where was this volcano located? |
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Definition
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Term
What volcanic gas can block sunlight from reaching the earth? |
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Definition
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Term
What impact did "1815 and froze to death" have across northern Europe? |
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Definition
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Term
How is Mary Shelley's novel, Frankenstein, a result of this volcanic eruption? |
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Definition
| Too cold to vaction - so she stayed inside to create the scariest ghost story |
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Term
How did this eruption contribute to the Peasant's Revolt and the colonization of America? |
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Definition
| People fled Europe; food shortages |
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Term
| How did this eruption contribute to westward migration in America? |
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Definition
Skies of New England turned icy cold and it snowed July - August; agriculture died; 75% of corn died NE SUCKED. |
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Term
| When did the LIA come to an abrupt end? |
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Definition
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Term
| How abrupt was the end of the LIA (in terms of years)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 factors may have caused the end of the LIA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Due to greenhouse gases, how many degrees may temperature rise by 2099? |
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Definition
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Term
| What will be 3 consequences of this temperature rise? |
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Definition
Intense droughts, more hurricanes, floods increase |
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Term
| What 4th consequence of this temperature rise would be the most catastrophic? |
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Definition
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Term
How could global warming trigger a LIA? |
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Definition
| Shuts down the oceanic conveyer |
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Term
| Why does the Pentagon think another LIA could trigger nuclear war? |
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Definition
| 3 nuclear countries fighting over |
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Term
| Based on our knowledge of the LIA, what is our only certainty about the future? |
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Definition
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Term
| If our new model of climate is "an angry beast", how are we treating that beast? |
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Definition
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Term
| "If the past is prologue - |
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Definition
| a storm waits on the horizon." |
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