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IB History Vocab
Glossary of Words Commonly Encountered in IB
58
History
12th Grade
09/09/2007

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Term
abdicate
Definition
to give up the position of
Term
annex
Definition
take over territory and incorporate it into your own country
Term
anticlerical
Definition
opposition to all influences of the Church and clergy
Term
antisemitism
Definition
prejudice against Jews
Term
appeasement
Definition
the attempt to conciliate an aggressor or opponent by giving way to his demands
Term
armistice
Definition
an agreement to end a war
Term
assimilate
Definition
to absorb a group of people into a larger group
Term
autarky
Definition
economic self-sufficiency
Term
autocracy
Definition
absolute government by one person
Term
autonomy
Definition
self-government
Term
benevolent neutrality
Definition
an agreement to remain neutral in a dispute, but to be friendly at the same time
Term
bilateral agreement
Definition
an agreement reached by two sides
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
the body of officials e.g., civil service, responsible for carrying out government policy
Term
casus belli
Definition
an act or situation used to justify a declaration of war
Term
coalition government
Definition
a government formed by the alliance of agreement of two or more political parties
Term
conscription
Definition
compulsory military service
Term
coup
Definition
an attempt to seize power
Term
demobilize
Definition
disband troops at the end of a war
Term
diet
Definition
a parliament or legislative assembly
Term
duma
Definition
a parliament or legislative assembly
Term
emancipation
Definition
freedom - often used in relation to slaves
Term
encyclical
Definition
a letter from the Pope sent to all bishops of the Catholic Church
Term
executive
Definition
the branch of government responsible for the implementation of policies
Term
federal government
Definition
a system of government in which several states form a Union but remain independent for their internal affairs
Term
federalism
Definition
belief in the federal system
Term
franchise
Definition
the right to vote
Term
fraternise
Definition
to be friendly with hostile forces
Term
historiography
Definition
how historians interpret history
Term
imperialism
Definition
a policy of acquiring territory e.g., colonies
Term
judiciary
Definition
the judges of a country
Term
junkers
Definition
german landowners
Term
legislature/legislative assemblies
Definition
the people who make or approve laws; this is usually a parliament or assembly
Term
mandate
Definition
usually an arrangement by which a country or area is temporarily ruled by another
Term
martial law
Definition
a period during which normal laws are suspended and the military enforces law and order
Term
mobilization
Definition
the organisation and deplowment of troops for war
Term
nationalisation
Definition
a situation when the government takes over ownership of land and/or industries
Term
nationalism
Definition
i)extreme or aggressive patriotic feeling
ii) the desire for national independence
iii) determination to ensure the greatness of your own country
Term
neo-colonialism
Definition
the influence or control of other countries by economic and/or political pressures
Term
plebiscite
Definition
the opportunity for all citizens to vote on a sepcific issue
Term
popular front
Definition
an electoral alliance or coaltition of left-wing parties
Term
proportional representation
Definition
system of government in which the number of seats won by a party in a legislative assembly is proportional to the number of votes received
Term
protectionism
Definition
a policy which aims to protect a country's economy by the imposition of high duties on foreign imports
Term
rapprochement
Definition
the re-establishment of friendly relations between countries
Term
ratify
Definition
to confirm or accept an agreement, usually by signing it
Term
reactionary
Definition
opposed to any change or wanting to return to an old system
Term
referendum
Definition
the opportunity for all citizens to vote on a specific issue
Term
reparations
Definition
compensation for war damage by a defeated state
Term
revisionist
Definition
i) countries wanting to change an arrangement or treaty, especially the Treaty of Versailles
ii) historians who change previous explanations
iii) a modification of a political theory, e.g., Marxism
Term
rule by decree
Definition
when a ruler or government issues laws without them beig passed by a legislative assembly; normally done in an emergency or when it is clear no agreement will be reached
Term
sedition
Definition
activity directed against an authority
Term
self-determination
Definition
desire for independence by a national group
Term
status quo
Definition
keeping things as they are
Term
suffrage
Definition
the right to vote
Term
syndicalism
Definition
a movement to optain political power and ultimately worker's control through industrial action
Term
tariffs
Definition
import and export (customs) duties
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
a system that permits no rival parties, and demands the entire subordination of the individual to the state
Term
ultimatum
Definition
a final demand
Term
veto
Definition
a constitutional right of a person (or country) to reject a law or decision
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