Term
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Definition
| the calculation of the quantities of material consumed and produced in chemical reactions |
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Definition
| an instrument used to determine the relative masses of atoms by the deflection of their ions on a magnetic field |
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Definition
| a value reflecting the average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes composing the element |
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Definition
| the number equal to the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure ^12C; Avogadro’s number. One mole represents 6.022 x 10^23 units. |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure ^12C, equal to 6.022 x 10^23 |
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Definition
| the mass in grams of one mole of molecules or formula units of a substance; also called molecular weight |
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Definition
| the percent by mass of a component of a mixture or a given element in a compound |
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Term
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Definition
| the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound |
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Definition
| the exact formula of a molecule, giving the types of atoms and number of each type |
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Definition
| a representation of a chemical reaction showing the relative numbers of reactant and product molecules |
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Definition
| a starting substance in a chemical reaction; it appears to the left of the arrow in a chemical equation |
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Definition
| a substance resulting from a chemical reaction. It is shown to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation. |
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Term
| Balancing a Chemical Equation |
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Definition
| the same number of each type of atom must be present in the product and reactant sides of the equation |
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Term
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Definition
| the ratio of moles of one substance to moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation |
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Term
| Stoichiometric Quantities |
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Definition
| quantities of reactants mixed in exactly the correct amounts so that all are used up at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| the manufacture of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, carried out at high pressure and high temperature with the aid of a catalyst |
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Term
| Limiting Reactant (Reagent) |
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Definition
| the reactant that is completely consumed when a reaction is run to completion |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum amount of a given product that can be formed when the limiting reactant is completely consumed |
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Term
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Definition
| the actual yield of a product as a percentage of the theoretical yield |
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