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Hunsicker Semester 2 Quiz 3
Chapter 11: DNA Structure
24
Science
10th Grade
03/04/2008

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Term
Virus
Definition
Small, infective piece of DNA or RNA; wrapped in a PROTEIN coat.
Term

Double Helix

Definition
Winding, two strand arrangement of DNA (base pairs = rungs)
Term
Oswald Avery
Definition
Showed (in vitro) DNA = Transforming Principle (used DNAase & Proteinases)
Term
Hershey & Chase
Definition

Proved phage DNA is injected into host (used radioactive S & P isotopes)

Term
Hydrogen Bonds
Definition
Holds two strands of DNA together; connects base pairs (weak)
Term
Deoxyribose
Definition
PENTOSE sugar in DNA; missing OXYGEN on #2 Carbon
Term
Frederick Griffith
Definition
British; 1st discovered TRANSFORMATION in heat-killed bacteria.
Term
Watson & Crick
Definition
Developed DOUBLE HELIX model of DNA; complementary base pairs
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
Building block (monomer) of DNA molecule.
Term
Adenine & Guanine
Definition
PURINE nitrogen bases; contain DOUBLE ring of carbon/nitrogens.
Term
Nitrogen Bases
Definition
ORDER of these makes us each UNIQUE.
Term
Antiparallel
Definition
Two DNA strands join in opposite directions (3' end with 5' end)
Term
3.4 Angrstroms
Definition
DISTANCE between successive base pairs.
Term
DNA Polymerase
Definition
ENZYME that creates NEW DNA strand from OLD template.
Term
Cytosine & Thymine
Definition
PYRIMIDINE nitrogen bases; contain a SINGLE ring.
Term
DNA ligase
Definition
ENZYME connects NUCLEOTIDES during DNA replication.
Term
34 Angstroms
Definition
DISTANCE of one complete turn of DNA.
Term
Period
Definition
One complete TURN of DNA
Term
Semi-conservative
Definition
Nature of DNA REPLICATION (ie. One "old" + one "new" strand)
Term

Erwin Chargoff

Definition
Discovered BASE PAIRING rules (A + G) = (T + C) for all species.
Term
Rosalind Franklin
Definition
Took X-rays of DNA; became data for Watson and Crick
Term
Sugar-Phosphate
Definition
Forms repeating BACKBONE of DNA molecule (same for all)
Term
DNA
Definition
Main molecule of HEREDITY (double stranded nucleic acid)
Term
Bacteriophage
Definition
A VIRUS that infects BACTERIA.
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