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Human Physiology
Lab #1
45
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Masseter Muscle
Definition
Skeletal muscle that requires action potentials
Term
Lymph Nodes
Definition

Part of the immune system

Appear as flat, smooth ovals

Can be found near the heart, portal vein, or throat

Term
Trachea
Definition
Air passageway
Term
Larynx
Definition

Located at the top of the trachea

Is the crossover between the food passageway and the air passageway

Voice-box

Term
Thyroid Gland
Definition
Regulates 2 hormones for metabolism
Term
Esophagus
Definition
Food passageway (Hollow organ= smooth muscle)
Term
Extraorbital Lacrimal Gland
Definition

Located outside of the eye

Tear secreating gland

Term
Facial Nerve
Definition
Produce action potentials that stimulate skeletal muscles (masseter muscle)
Term
Salivary Glands
Definition

Are the 6 big glands in the throat

Produce enzyme that begins digestion

Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Fine tuner of muscle movement
Term
Cerebral Cortex
Definition

Divided into two hemispheres

Outside part of the brain

Part we associate with being human and governs areas such as math and music

Term
Brain Stem
Definition

Primative

Controls blood pressure and other life preserving functions

Term
Spinal Cord
Definition

Whole bundles of nerves that transcend down the back in the spine

White due to myelination

Term
Thymus Gland
Definition

Part of the immune system

Size and age are inversely related (higher age=smaller thymus)

 

Term
Lobes of the Lung
Definition

Little air sacs

Fragile

Important for gas exchange and pH regulation

Term
Heart
Definition
Mechanical pump made up of cardiac muscle
Term
Diaphragm
Definition

Skeletal Muscle

Forms air tight seal that allows pressure differences

Main muscle for respiration

Term
Blood on the right side tends to be                      in oxygen
Definition
Low
Term
Blood on the left side tends to be                       in oxygen.
Definition
High
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
High in capillaries, which is where blood exchange takes place
Term
Stomach
Definition

Churns

Produces HCl, enzymes, hormones

Smooth muscle

Term
Duodenum
Definition

First part of the small intestine.

Produces a couple enzymes and digestive hormones

Nutrient absorption begins here

Smooth Muscle

Term
Jejuno-ileum
Definition

Continues absorption and is the last stop for absorption, so what isn't absorbed here is lost

Smooth Muscle

Term
Mesentery
Definition
Organizing tissue
Term
Caecum
Definition

2nd stomach in Rats

Dividing point between small and large intestine

Term
Colon (Large Intestine)
Definition
Water re-absorption
Term
Liver
Definition

Produces most blood proteins

Processes nutrients

Stores glucose, breaks down old RBCs

Term

Pancreas

(need to know 2)

Definition

Produces most digestive enzymes

Produces two blood sugar hormones (?)

Produces bicarbonate

Term
Spleen
Definition

Part of the immune system

Involved in old RBC breakdown

Will appear purple

Term

Kidney

(need to know 2)

Definition

Regulates H20

Regulates ions

Regulates pH (acidity)

Regulates Blood Pressure

Regulates Metabolic waste

Stimulates hormone

RBC creation

Term
Adrenal Gland
Definition
Creates a bunch of hormones
Term
Ureter
Definition
Transports urine from the kidney to the bladder
Term
Urinary Bladder
Definition
Stores urine
Term
Urethra
Definition

Transports urine from bladder out of the body

 

Term
Scrotum
Definition
Keept the testes cool, which is critical for sperm development
Term
Testes
Definition

Creates sperm

Creates testosterone

Creates the hormone MIS

Term
Deferent duct (vas deferens)
Definition
Transports sperm
Term
Epididymis
Definition
Sperm mature
Term
Prostate Gland & Seminal Vesicle
Definition
Produce seminal fluid that is basic and nutrient rich
Term
Penis
Definition
Semen and urine output
Term
Ovary
Definition

Produces eggs

Produces estrogen

Produces progesterone

Term
Fallopian tube
Definition
Eggs are fertilized within the fallopian tube
Term
Uterus
Definition
The fetus/baby develops here
Term
Cervix
Definition
Located at the neck of the uterus
Term
Vagina
Definition
Birth passageway
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