Term
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Definition
Study of function (how human organs work)
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Term
| Study of form (how is it put together, what it looks like) |
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Definition
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Term
| a steady state, a condition in which internal enviornment remains a physiological limit dispite enviornmental imbalance |
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Definition
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Term
Limits 10 degrees F
-5 98.6 +5
enviornment range 250 degree F
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Definition
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Term
| physilogical response/solution |
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Definition
too cold- shivering
too hot- sweating |
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Term
| stimulus iniates actions that reverse the stimulus |
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Definition
negative feedback
ex. High Bloof glucose- release of hormone, insulin- lowers blood glucose |
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Term
| simulus that iniates sctions that amplify the stimulus |
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Definition
positive feedback
ex. uterus contrastions during labor- brain releases oyytocin- contracts harder |
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Term
1. fluid inside the cell
2. fluid outside (between) cell. |
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Definition
intracellular fluid (ICF)
interstitial fluid (ISF) |
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Term
| anything in plasma can cross the boundary except plasma proteins |
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Definition
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Term
Like dissolves like
hydrophylic= polar C-H-O-N
hydrophobic= nonpolar C-H
main functions of phospholipids is structural support
and a barrier to large hydrophylic molecules
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Definition
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Term
Most important molecule in cell membrane
- channels for diffusion of polar or charges molecules
- transport of polar or charges molecules
- structure support
- act as enzymes- catalyzing surface reactions
- cellular markers- ABO blood group
- receptors- neurotransmitters and hormones
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Definition
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Term
| fluids flow from high to low until even |
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Definition
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Term
- simple diffusion
- osomosis
- pressure driven flow
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Definition
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Term
- simple diffusion
- osomosis
- facilitated diffusion
- active transport
- cotransport
- endo/exocytosis
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Definition
cell membrane
facilitated diffusion, active transport and cotransport require integral proteins |
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Term
| how well membrane allows specific molecules through |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| in osomosis the cell and ISF are ISOtonic |
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Definition
water flowing in makes it HYPERtonic
water flowing out makes it HYPOtonic |
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Term
to much water= hemolysis
not enough water = shriveling of cells |
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Definition
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Term
-plasma proteins are only located INSIDE the cell
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Definition
| PCOP= Plasma colloid osmotic pressure |
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Term
high to low concentration gradient
passive- no ATP needed, requires proteins, then integral proteins will form channels or gates |
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Definition
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Term
| facilicated diffusion proteins.... |
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Definition
- Glucose GLUT transport protein
- Cysteinuria- Cystine
- Ion Gates
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Term
| Low to high movement and requires ATP |
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Definition
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Term
2000 kcal/day
sodium/potassuim pump is 1/3 or BMR
Ca++ pump |
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Definition
| BMR= Basal Metabolic rate |
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Term
transport that involves membrane proteins
endo/exocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
| as a group of cells reponsible for sensing envoirnment challenges and integrating the organisms reponse. |
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Definition
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Term
| Nervous system- tell that organ what to do |
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Definition
| endocrine system- hormones |
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Term
Neuron
- cell
- functional cell in nervous system
- 100 billion cells in body, which is 10% of total cells
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Definition
nerve
a bundle of neurons |
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Term
sensory
integrative
motor |
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Definition
| functional divisions of neurons |
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Term
detects enviornmental challenges
peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
| sensory divisions of nervous system |
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Term
makes decisions
(CNS) central nervous system
in spine and brain |
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Definition
| integrative division if nervous system |
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Term
a functional division that taking action decision requires wires to muscle change
type od muscle sitmulated
ex. skeletal and smooth/cardiac
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Definition
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Term
| somatic motor nervous system is what |
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Definition
| skeletal motor functional division of nervous system |
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Term
| autonomic motor nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
in emergency vegetative
sympathetic NS parasympathetic NS
to organ to organ |
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Definition
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Term
| this signal seperates into serperate signal wiring to reduce confusion |
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Definition
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Term
transduction
modality
adaptation
intensity |
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Definition
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Term
| converting stimulus energy into an electrical signal |
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Definition
| transduction of sensory nerves |
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Term
| correctly interpret elecrical signals as a message about a specific sensation |
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Definition
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Term
| decreased sensivity to continuous stimuli |
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Definition
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Term
_____ receptors to not adapt, they continue to release information
1. pain
2. balance |
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Definition
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Term
| stronger stimuli causes stronger responses |
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Definition
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Term
| what is sensed with receptors? |
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Definition
photoreceptors
nociceptors
thermoreceptors
chemoreceptors
mechanoreceptors |
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Term
| chemicals= blood, gut, taste, smell |
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Definition
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Term
| mechanical disturbance= hearing, equlilbrium, touch, stretch |
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Definition
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Term
support cells of nervous system
50% of cells in NS |
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Definition
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Term
| support cell bodies of neurons in the PNS |
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Definition
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Term
| modified white blood cell, monocyte int CNS, ports of entry and precious tissue, the leave the blood stream |
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Definition
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Term
in CNS only, line brain cavities, involved in producation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
ex. shock absorber
ex. exchange material with brain cells- better than plasma membrane |
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Definition
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