Details Title: human factors Description: Test 1 Total Flash Cards: 155 Created: 09/29/2009 12:21:01		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Aviation Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term What is the study of how people interact with their environments? Definition human factors Term Human factors ____ information about human behavior, abilities, limitations and other characteristics ____ of tools, machines, tasks, jobs, and environments for ____ human use Definition discovers and applies to the design productive, safe, comfortable, and effective Term What three principles are involved IN HUMAN FACTORS? Definition RESEARCH, APPLICATION AND PERFORMANCE Term Why study Human Factors in Aviation and ATC Operations? 5 THINGS Definition 1.Human Factors is the #1 accident cause. 2.Trial and error is a long, expensive, and dangerous process. 3.Aviation and ATC environments have wide fluctuations in activity and demands. 4.Human factors errors tend to be repeated and are preventable. 5.Ineffective performance places valuable resources at risk. Term WHAT % OF ACCIDENTS IS CAUSED BY HUMANS? Definition 70-90% Term WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS? Definition HUMANS AND WEATHER Term IN HUMAN FACTOR PRINCIPLES, WHAT ABOUT THE USER DO WE HAVE TO KEEP IN MIND? Definition SIZE, CAPABILITIES, AND TRAINING OF THE USER Term WHAT ARE THREE HUMAN FACTOR MISCONCEPTIONS? Definition HUMAN FACTOR IS NOT; -APPLYING CHECKLIST AND GUIDELINES -APPLYING AN INDIVIDUAL AS A MODEL -COMMON SENSE Term HUMAN FACTORS IS NOT APPLYING A CHECKLIST AND GUIDELINES BUT Definition A COMPLETE EVALUATION OF THE SITUATION IS NEEDED Term HUMAN FACTORS IS NOT APPLYING AN INDIVIDUAL AS A MODEL BUT Definition A RANGE OF USERS IS NEEDED Term HUMAN FACTORS IS NOT COMMON SENSE SINCE ITS Definition NOT THAT COMMON Term NAME THE FIVE FACETS OF THE SHELL MODEL? Definition SOFTWARE HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT LIVEWARE(OTHER) LIVEWARE(SELF) Term NAME THE FOUR INTERFACES OF THE SHELL MODEL? Definition SOFTWARE-LIVEWARE HARDWARE-LIVEWARE ENVIRONMENT-LIVEWARE LIVEWARE-LIVEWARE Term SOFTWARE IS? Definition INSTRUCTIONS EX; Laws, regulations, company policies Social norms, manners, or customs Term HARDWARE IS? Definition Physical man-made equipment Examples: Chairs, desks, keyboards. Cockpit and ATC information displays. Readability of gauges and placards. Reach and angle of controls. Alarm noises Term ENVIRONMENT IS? Definition All physically present environmental conditions Examples: Temperature, wind, humidity Noise, vibration Light levels, visibility Term LIVEWARE OTHERS IS? Definition OTHER PEOPLE THAT YOURSELF -PEOPLE YOU INTERACT WITH IN ORDER TO COMPLETE MISSION. EX:Crew members / Cabin Crew Air Traffic Control Passengers Other flight crews Maintenance Personnel Law Enforcement/Security Term LIVEWARE SELF IS? Definition What condition are you in physically, mentally, and emotionally? Who are you, how do you function? Term A WOMEN RUNNING AT 2:00AM IN SINGAPORE IS WHAT INTERFACE? Definition SOFTWARE-LIVEWARE RULES ARE VERY STRICT THERE Term MAN RUNNING IN MOP-4 EQUIPMENT WOULD HAVE A HARD TIME TO RUN IS WHAT INTERFACE? Definition HARDWARE-LIVEWARE Term THERE ARE CLEAR SKIES WHEN RUNNING, OR FOG CAUSES AN ACCIDENT IS WHAT INTERFACE? Definition ENVIRONMENT-LIVEWARE Term COMMUNICATING OR INTERACTING WITH SOMEONE IS WHAT INTERFACE? Definition LIVEWARE-LIVEWARE Term INTERFACE, A cold cockpit decreases dexterity IS A? Definition ENVIRONMENT-LIVEWARE Term Mandatory dismissal decreases cheating IS WHAT INTERFACE? Definition SOFTWARE-LIVEWARE Term Tiny keyboards decrease typing speed? Definition HARDWARE-LIVEWARE Term Group cohesion decreases disagreements? Definition LIVEWARE-LIVEWARE Term Heavy gloves decrease grip strength? Definition HARDWARE-LIVEWARE Term Clear communication improves understanding? Definition LIVEWARE-LIVEWARE Term Fatigue affected the student’s exam grade? Definition LIVEWARE-LIVEWARE Term WHAT IS THE ABILITY TO PROCESS INFORMATION? Definition COGNITIVE PROCESSING BRAIN WORKING Term WHAT IS THE JOB OF THE HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM? CAN THE NERVES BE MODIFIED? Definition TRANSFER IMPULSES YES Term NERVES ARE VERY FRAGILE, WHAT ARE THREE THINGS THEY NEED? Definition OXYGEN, SUGAR, REST Term mental processes require attention to be completed IS? Definition CONSCIOUS Term processes require little or no attention to be completed IS? Definition SUBCONSCIOUS Term MOST OF OUR PERCEPTION IS ______? Definition SUBCONSCIOUS Term Conscious and subconscious processing can be differentiated by the amount of ____ required? Definition attention Term The ability to gather and interpret sensory information IS? Definition PERCEPTION Term OUR PERCEPTION CAN BE MODIFIED BY? Definition EXPERIENCE, CONFIDENCE, AND MOTIVATION Term ____ can be influenced by your thoughts or paradigms? Definition Perception Term ____vision is where your acuity and color vision are best? Definition central Term what is used for detecting motion, speed and orientation? Definition peripheral vision Term what is this called if a normal runway line is always there but if it were painted smaller it would be an? Definition extraneous cue Term __% OF OUR PERCEPTION IS VISUAL? Definition 80 Term WHAT IS RELATIVE MOTION? Definition OBJECTS IN OUR VISUAL FIELD ARE EASIER TO DETECT Term WHAT CAN EFFECT FOCUSING OR TRACKING AN OBJECT? Definition VIBRATION AND ACCELERATION Term WHAT SENSES ARE EFFECTED BY VISUAL PERCEPTION? Definition SMELL, HEARING, VESTIBULAR SENSATIONS Term When things don’t make senSE WHAT MAY BE THE source of problem? Definition PERCEPTION Term Describes human information processing IS? Definition MULTIPLE RESOURCE THEORY Term What are resources? (4 levels) Definition STAGES INPUT SOURCES PROCESSING CODES RESPONSE TYPE Term MRT STAGES HAS WHAT TWO STAGES UNDER IT? Definition PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE STAGE RESPONSE SELECTION AND EXECUTION STAGE Term STAGES REFERS TO WHAT LEVEL OF ____IS NEEDED? Definition BRAIN ACTIVITY Term INPUT SOURCES IS? Definition WHAT SENSES YOU ARE USING Term PROCESSING CODES IS LIKE? Definition SOLVING A MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM Term MRT RESPONSES, WHAT ACTIONS DO I PERFORM? Definition VOICE AND MOTOR(MOVEMENT) Term PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE STAGE REQUIRES? Definition A HIGH LEVEL OF THOUGHT OR IS HARD Term RESPONSE SELECTION AND EXECUTION STAGE REQUIRES? Definition NOT MUCH THOUGHT AND EASY Term What stage would walking and not counting steps would be? Definition RESPONSE SELECTION AND EXECUTION Term WHAT STAGE WOULD HAVING TO EXPLAIN THE GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE BE? Definition PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE STAGE Term WHAT ARE THE TWO PRIMARTY TASKS PERFORMED IN PROCESSING CODES? Definition LANGUAGE AND SPACIAL Term SPACIAL SKILLS REFERS TO_____ LANGUAGE SKILL REFERS TO_____ Definition AIRPORT IN RELATION TO NANTUCKET-THINKING ABOUT DIRECTION READING A WORD Term MRT: Responses What resources are used to perform tasks? Definition LANGUAGE AND MOTOR SKILLS Term Example 1 What resources are used? Driving a car Conversation Definition RSE AUDITORY SPACIAL VOCAL Term Example 2 What resources are used? Driving a car Texting (Cellphone) Definition RSE VISUAL SPACIAL MOTOR Term Our ability to direct resources to an area of interest or need IS? Definition ATTENTION Term FOUR TYPES OF ATTENTION ARE? Definition SELECTIVE FOCUS DIVIDED SUSTAINED Term When performing two tasks, interference increases as? Definition task demands increase, or there is greater sharing of resources. Term IMPROVING SELECTICE ATTENTION, Decrease the number of sources you have to monitor. This would decrease __ __ ? WHAT COULD YOU DO WITH THE GUAGES TO IMPROVE THIS? Definition LOAD STRESS PUT THEM CLOSER TOGETHER Term ____ IS AN EXAMPLE OF sELECTIVE ATTENTION? ________ IS AN EXAMPLE OF FOCUSED ATTENTION? ____ IS AN EXAMPLE OF DIVIDED ATTENTION? ____ IS AN EXAMPLE OF SUSTAINED ATTENTION? Definition -INSTRUMENT FLYING(UNDER PRESSURE WE TEND TO USE LESS RESOURCES) -WATCHING A MOVIE(SINGLE SOURCE AT ONCE) -MANUVERING WHILE TALKING ON RADIO(TWO TASKS AT ONCE) -MONITORING YOUR SURROUNDINGS Term YOUR NAME, ADDRESS, AND OTHER STUFF THAT CAN EASILY BE PULLED OUT OF YOUR BRAIN, Well-developed nerve pathways IS CALLED AN? Definition ENGRAM Term LOAD STRESS VS. SPEED STRESS wHICH is a greater factor in performance? Definition LOAD STRESS Term WHAT IS A DISTRACTION WITH FOCUSED ATTENTION? Definition GETTING A TEXT WHILE WATCHING A MOVIE Term SUSTAINED ATTENTION, WHAT ARE 2 GUIDELINES? Definition KEEP OPERATED MOTIVATED MAKE SIGNALS EASIER TO DETECT Term _____ sharing impacts performance? Definition Resource Term wHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF MEMORY? Definition SHORT, LONG , AND SENSORY MEMORY Term WHAT TYPE OF MEMORY... NO ATTENTION REQUIRED TEMPORARY STORAGE PROCESS IT BUT DONT REMEMBER Definition SENSORY Term WHAT TYPE OF MEMORY... LIMITED CAPACITY ATTENTION IS REQUIRED SHORT DURATION Definition SHORT TERM Term WHAT TYPE OF MEMORY... RETAIN INFO FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME Definition LONG TERM Term The ability of the brain to organize, store, and retrieve information IS? Definition MEMORY Term AUDITORY AND VISUAL ARE WHAT TYPE OF MEMORY? Definition SENSORY Term Information is encoded several ways, WHAT ARE THE THREE WAYS IN SHORT TERM MEMORY TO ENCODE? Definition VISUAL PHONETIC SEMANTIC Term VISUAL IS___ PHONETIC IS____ SEMANTIC IS____ Definition VISUAL AUDITORY INFO W/ MEANING Term WHERE ARE ENGRAMS FORMED? Definition LONG TERM MEMORY Term Transfer IN LONG TERM MEMORY is by ____ coding OR WHAT CODING IS USED IN LONG TERM MEMORY? Definition semantic - INFO W/ MEANING Term Interference with motor skill development, WHAT ARE THE TWO DISTRACTIONS? Definition 1.Distraction in the early learning phases 2.Inadequate time to develop basic skills Term WHAT ARE SOME TECHNIQUES TO OPTIMIZE LEARNING? (4) Definition CREATE ENGRAMS, BE ORGANIZED, DEVELOPE SEMANTIC CODING, STUDY Term What is judgment? Definition A decision, opinion or conclusion after due consideration A SKILL SET THAT IS DEVELOPED AND TAKES STEPS Term _____ is the sum of awareness management, decision-making, and risk assessment. Definition JUDGEMENT Term WHAT ARE THE TWO FORM OF JUDGEMENT? Definition COGNATIVE AND PERCEPTUAL Term WHAT JUDGEMENT TAKES ALOT OF THINKING? WHAT JUDGEMENT IS EASY TO LEARN AND IS MOSTLY THINGS YOU ALREADY KNOW? Definition COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL Term WHEN YOU FIRST LEARN TO FLY IT IS ____ BUT THE MORE YOU DO IT THEN IT BECOMES _____ Definition COGNATIVE, PERCEPTUAL Term _____TRAINING IS WHEN YOU ARE TRAINED INCORRECTLY WHERE AS_____ IS WHEN WE TEACH OURSELVES THE WRONG WAY TO DO SOMETHING OR NEVER HAD A PROBLEM SO YOU THINK ITS OK? Definition IMPROPER, VICARIOUS LEARNING Term Decisions based on your experience with the situation or problem IS? Definition Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD) Term WHEN YOUR INSTRUCTOR PULLS THE STALL HORN SO THAT WAY YYOU CAN RECONIZE4 IT IS ? Definition Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD) Term wHAT IS A CHALLENGE TO Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD)? Definition ANAMALIES Term WHAT IS AN ANAMALIES? Definition PEICE OF INFO THAT DOESNT FIT THE STORY Term Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD) DEPEND UPON WHAT? Definition PRIOR EXPERIENCE Term RATIONAL CHOICE DECISIONS ARE USED TO ? Definition CREATE AN OPTION Term wHATS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD) AND RATIONAL CHOICE? Definition Recognition-Primed Decisions (RPD) IS SOMETHING THAT IS BASED ON EXPERIENCE WHERE RATIONAL CHOICE IS MOSTLY AN UNFAMILIAR SITUATION Term Jensen and Trollip'S Judgment Process Model HAS WHAT 8 ASPECTS? Definition BADRAPPV -BACKGROUND -ACTION -DECISION -RISK ANALYSIS -ALTERNATIVE GENERATION -PROBLEM DISCOVERY -PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS -VIGILANCE Term VIGILANCE NEEDS TWO THINGS TO MAKE IT HAPPEN, WHAT ARE THEY? Definition ATTENTION(BE ALERT) AND KNOW WHAT YOUR LOOKING FOR (KNOWLEDGE) (LOOKING FOR AND EXPECTING PROBLEMS) Term What degrades your vigilance? Definition NOT PAYING ATTENTION, NO KNOWLEGE Term Recognition of a change in status, with or without warning IS? Definition PROBLEM DISCOVERY Term PROBLEM DISCOVERY IS KNOW WHAT IS ____? Definition NORMAL AND WHAT IS NOT NORMAL (CHANGE IN THE STATUS OF FLIGHT) Term CHANGING THE DESIGN IN CARS WHEN APPLYING A THIRD BRAKE IS WHAT JUGEMENT PROCESS? Definition PROBLEM DISCOVERY Term Correctly identifying the problem IS? Definition Problem diagnosis Term Recalling or creating options OR IDENTIFYING A SERIES OF ALTERNATIVES THAT MAY BE AVAILABLE TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM IS? Definition ALTERNATE GENERATION Term The aspect asks: ‘What is the likelihood and impact of failure of each option? IS AN EXAMPLE OF? EX:PILOT DETERMINES THE RISK INVOLVED IN EACH ALTERNATIVE... Definition RISK ANALYSIS Term Emotional aspects that influence decisions IS? ALSO, A MAJOR PART IN THE COGNITIVE PROCESS Definition BACKGROUND Term WHAT ARE SOME COMMON BACKGROUND PROBLEMS? Definition PEER PRESSURE, FINANCIAL PRESSURE, ILLNESS AND FATIGUE Term ACTUALY CHOOSING YOUR OPTION OR THE PILOTS MIND IS ALREADY MADE UP, YOU HAVE CHOSEN YOUR PATH, AND NOW READY TO ACT IS? Definition DECISION Term How do we develop skills to make decisions? Definition DO THING OR TO JUST DO IT Term The process of coordinating actions to carry out your choice OR THE ONE THAT THE PILOT ACTS ON DECISION IS? Definition ACTION Term RC model: In which step of the RC Model did the individual fail? While the student knows the answer to the professor’s question, they fail to participate in the class because they don’t want to appear wrong in front of their colleagues. What step in the Rational choice model failed? Definition PEER PRESSURE, BACKGROUND BACKGROUND AFFECTED? ACTION Term RC Problem #2 The VFR pilot was desperately looking out the window for a hole in the clouds (for over 30 seconds) when he lost control of the aircraft. NTSB: He failed to monitor his instruments to maintain a flyable attitude. What step in the Rational choice model failed? __________________________ Definition VIGILENCE, FAILED TO USE RESOURCES Term RC Problem #3 Although he could hear the whine and flopping noise from his right rear tire, he thought it was normal on this rough, gravel road. The car actually had a flat tire and he lost control. NDSHP: He failed to recognize the tire failure. What step in the Rational choice model failed? __________________________ Definition DISCOVERY, FAILED TO NOTICE THE TIRE WAS NORMAL OR NOT Term RC Problem #4 Following an engine failure on takeoff at an altitude of 200 feet AGL, a pilot attempts to turn 180 degrees to return to the runway instead of landing on a field straight ahead. He later states he wanted to minimize damage to his aircraft by going back to the runway. What step in the Rational choice model failed? __________________________ Definition RISK ANALYSIS, DIDNT THINK OF RISK Term RC Problem #5 The student got a flat tire on the way to the first block exam. He decided to drop the class as he thought is was an automatic failure to miss a block exam in Human Factors. What step in the Rational choice model failed? __________________________ Definition ALTERNATE GENERATION, CREATING OPTIONS, DIDNT KNOW HE COULD RETAKE Term RATIONAL CHOICES ARE ____ WHILE rpd ARE _____? Definition SLOWER, FASTER Term ____is a preference in the way we approach decisions, based on our prior experience? Definition BIAS Term Our experience creates _____ assumptions, which filter information and impact our decisions. Definition subconscious Term Humans seek more information than they can absorb in a given time IS WHAT BIAS? Definition SHORT TERM MEMORY ISSUE, THINK WE ARE SMARTER THAN WE ARE Term Humans tend not to extract enough information from sources IS? Definition COMMON HUMAN PARADIGM WE THINK WE KNOW ALL THE ANSWERS Term Early information is considered more important or accurate OR We consider all information to be equally reliable, when it is not IS AN EXAMPLE OF? Definition IRRATIONAL DECISION AMKING Term _____ is more often a result of poor planning/inefficiency rather than an emergency Definition Time pressure Term WHAT ARE THE THREE HUMAN Responses to Time Pressure? Definition ACCELERATING, FILTERING, AND PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES CHANGE Term Faster pace of activity, eliminating rests, pauses, or interruptions. ALSO, FOING TO FAST IS? Definition ACCELERATION Term Prioritize information received, using only what is needed, Negative information receives a higher priority IS? Definition FILTERING ONLY READING A FEW KEY WORDS Term Strategies don’t use all of the information available Strategies look at the single most critical aspect of the situation and react to it. Strategies make use of less information IS? Definition PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES CHANGE DOING SOMETHING DIFFERENT THAN BEFORE Term Attention Anomalies, WHAT Redirects attention and perception resources elsewhere? Definition DISTRACTION FOCUS ATTENTION Term ATTENTION ANOMALIES, WHAT is focused attention inappropriate for the situation? Definition CHANNELED ATTENTION FIXATION, FOCUS ATTENTION Term is when our perceptual and processing capabilities are overwhelmed? Definition TASK SATURATION TOO MUCH GOING ON Term WHAT is ignoring a predictable and recurrent input? Definition HABITUATION BOY WHO CRUED WOLF Term WHAT IS IT WHEN YOU ARE EXPOSED TO SOMETHING SO MUCH YOU DONT EVEN NOTICE IT ANYMORE? Definition HABITUATION Term the process of using procedures from a previous setting inappropriately in a current setting IS? Definition NEGATIVE TRANSFER Term WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF NEGATIVE TRANSFER? Definition GOING FROM A STICK TO A AUTOMATIC YOU LOOK FOR A CLUTCH WHEN THERE ISNT ONE Term our perception can be altered by our expectation of what we are about to perceive IS? Definition EXPECTANCY Term WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF EXPECTANCY? Definition TENERIFE ACCIDENT GOT POSITION AND HOLD BUT THOUGHT TAKE OFF INSTEAD CAUSE HE EXPECTED IT Term _____ can be the result of an incorrect action or be due to failing to detect or report a previously committed error? Definition ERROR Term Three Types of Errors ARE? Definition -Decisional (Errors of Intention) -Procedural AND Perceptual Motor (Errors of Execution) Term ERROR OF INTENTION MEANS_____ ERROR OF EXECUTION MEANS_____ Definition -DID WHAT YOU WANTED TO DO -WANTED TO DO THE RIGHT THING BUT SOMETHING WENT WRONG Term An error in which you performed an act which you intended, but was later determined that act was incorrect IS? Definition DECISIONAL taking off with a 20 knot tailwind flying under bridges continuing flight into IFR conditions with inadequate training or equipment Term When the operator intended to do something other than what happened IS? Definition PROCEDURAL AND PERCEPTUAL MOTOR ERROR Term Intending to performing one task, but incorrectly performing another IS? Definition PROCEDURAL ERROR TYPING A PAPER, YOU MISSED A KEY, AND SPELT THE WRONG WORD Term NEGATIVE TRANSFER IS A ___? Definition PROCEDURAL ERROR Term These errors result due to faulty perception / interpretation or poor motor control IS? Definition PERCEPUTAL MOTOR ERROR A lack of understanding of what you see and hear, or an inadequate development of skill Term Tripping on the stairs Entering a spin after stall recovery Misreading instruments ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF? Definition PROCEPTUAL MOTOR ERROR VISUAL ILLUSIONS Term The aircraft crashed short of the runway after a deteriorating airspeed and flight path while on approach. Upon investigation, you determined … How could this error be decisional? Definition NO USEABLE FUEL BUT TOOK OFF ANYWAYS Term The aircraft crashed short of the runway after a deteriorating airspeed and flight path while on approach. Upon investigation, you determined … How could this error be procedural? How could this error be perceptual motor? Definition - TANKS NEEDED SWITCHED SO YOU MEANT TO SWITCH THEM BUT TURNED THEM OFF -WASNT WATCHING AIRSPEED INDICATOR Term What error type? At the beginning of the flight, he lifted off into a hover, and then performed a pedal-turn into the wind prior to entering translational lift. During the turn, the snow pad on one of the helicopter's skids caught in some tall brush, resulting in a dynamic rollover into the terrain. According to the pilot, there was no problem with the helicopter's flight controls, but he simply failed to see that there was tall brush (approximately six feet high) behind and to the right of the aircraft. Definition PERCEPTUAL ERROR Term What error type? The Lear 35A was substantially damaged during an in-flight recovery after the captain attempted an intentional aileron roll maneuver during cruise flight and lost control. The captain reported the airplane was "functioning normally" prior to the intentional aileron roll maneuver. The captain stated that the "intentional roll maneuver got out of control" while descending through flight level 200, they experienced "excessive G-loads" during the subsequent recovery. Definition DECISIONAL-INTENTIONAL ROLL OVER PERCEPRTUAL ERROR-OUT OF CONTROL Term What type of error? Controllers were in the process of changing the runway configuration from landing and departing from the west to landing and departing to the east. The tower local controller instructed a Boeing 757, "cleared for take off runway 9, fly heading 110 at the marker". Controller then saw an aircraft on landing roll on runway 27 and noticed there were still other aircraft inbound for runway 27 and instructed the 757 to abort the takeoff. Definition PROCEDURAL Term A series of errors, or chain, creating conditions favorable for an accident IS? Definition ERROR CHAIN Term One error increases the likelihood of the significance of subsequent errors IS AN EXAMPLE OF? Definition ERROR CHAIN Term HOW DO WE DECREASE ERROR FREQUENCY? Definition CHECKLIST, READ BACK CLEARANCES Term HOW DO WE REDUCE ERROR CONSEQUENCE? Definition SEAT BELTS, AIR BAGS, ETL