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Human Evolution
Flashcards on Australopithecus/Hominins
54
Biology
Undergraduate 2
12/21/2010

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Cards

Term
Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Time?
Definition
7-6.1mya
Term
Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Place?
Definition
Chad
Term
Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Brain Size
Definition
360 cc
Term
Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Other?
Definition
Bipedal from foramen magnum

big brow ridge, small canines
Term
Orrorin tugenensis

Time?
Definition
6.1-5.8mya
Term
Orrorin tugenensis

Place?
Definition
Kenya
Term
Orrorin tugenensis

Other
Definition
Bipedal from femoral head thickness
Term
Ardipithicus kadabba

Time
Definition
5.8-5.2mya
Term
Ardipithicus kadabba

Place?
Definition
Ethiopia
Term
Ardipithicus kadabba

Other?
Definition
apelike canines

Bipedal from foramen magnum
may not be early hominin
Term
Ardipithicus ramidus

Time?
Definition
5.8-4.4mya
Term
Ardipithicus ramidus

Place?
Definition
Ethiopia
Term
Ardipithicus ramidus

Brain Size
Definition
325 cc
Term
Ardipithicus ramidus

Other
Definition
Small canines, molar enamel suggest broader diet than chimps

more apelike, longer arms, divergent toe
bipedal from pelvis and foramen magnum
Term
A. anamensis

Time?
Definition
4.2-3.9mya
Term
A. anamensis

Place
Definition
Ethiopia Kenya
Term
A. anamensis

Other
Definition
small canines, bipedal (evidence from parallel ankle joint)
Term
A. afarensis

Time
Definition
3.7-3.0mya
Term
A. afarensis

Place
Definition
Turkana (Kenya)
Hadar (Ethiopia)
Laetoli (Tanzania)
Term
A. afarensis

brain size
Definition
433cc
Term
A. afarensis

Other
Definition
small canines/diastema, large molars/enamel

long arms (maybe arboreal), IM = 85, curved phalanges

bipedal (Laetoli footprints)
dimorphic: 45kg v. 29kg
Term
A. afarensis

skeletons?
Definition
Lucy and Dikaka
Term
Kenyanthropus platyops

Time
Definition
3.5-3.2mya
Term
Kenyanthropus platyops

Place
Definition
Kenya
Term
Kenyanthropus platyops

Other
Definition
Small brain, SMALL MOLARS, flat face

too different from A. afarensis
Term
A. africanus

time
Definition
3.3-2.5mya
Term
A. africanus

Place
Definition
Taung, Sterkfontein, Makapansgat

South Africa
Term
A. africanus

brain size
Definition
451 cc
Term
A. africanus

teeth/features
Definition
small canines, large molars

projecting face, postcrania similar to afarensis
Term
A. africanus

Other
Definition
dimorphic: 41kg v. 30 kg

Bipedal: evidence from pelvis and big toe
Term
A. africanus

skeletons?
Definition
Mrs. Ples, Taung child
Term
A. sediba

Time
Definition
1.9mya
Term
A. sediba

Place
Definition
Malapa

SOUTH AFRICA
Term
A. sediba

Other
Definition
pelvis/cranial like Homoi

very similar to A. africanus
Term
A. garhi

Time
Definition
2.5mya
Term
A. garhi

place
Definition
Ethiopia
Term
A. garhi

brain size
Definition
450cc
Term
A. garhi

other
Definition
large molars, prognathic face(jaws jut forward)
Term
A. garhi

Culture
Definition
-meat eating
stone tool use (cut marks on bones)
Term
A. aethiopithicus

time
Definition
2.5mya
Term
A. aethiopithicus

Pace
Definition
Turkana (Kenya)
Term
A. aethiopithicus

Brain size
Definition
410cc
Term
A. aethiopithicus

Other
Definition
large molars, robust features (sagittal crest and zygomatic arch)
Term
A. aethiopithicus

skeleton?
Definition
black skull
Term
A. boisei

time
Definition
2.4-1.4mya
Term
A. boisei

Place
Definition
Turkana (Kenya)
Omo (ethiopia)
Olduvai (tanzania)
Term
A. boisei

brain
Definition
465 cc
Term
A. boisei

features
Definition
large molars (crushing fibrous foods)
saggital crest
zygomatic arch
Term
A. boisei

other?
Definition
dimorphic: 49kg v. 32kg
Term
A. robustus

time
Definition
2-1.4mya
Term
A. robustus

Place
Definition
Swartkrans
Kromdraii

S.A.
Term
A. robustus

Brain
Definition
476cc
Term
A. robustus

Features
Definition
large molars, sagittal crest, zygomatic arch
Term
A. robustus

culture/other
Definition
wooden tools for digging

dimorphic: 40kg v. 32 kg
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