state in which there is a deficiency in body water

tree like process of the neuron that receives stimulus & carries it toward the cell body

deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA

nucleotide that stores the genetic information of the orgamism

change in the membrane potential across the cell memberane with the inside of the cell becoming less negative or less polarized

area of the body that is supplied by a spinal nerve

thick layer of dense connective tissue that lies under the epidermis of the skin

smooth muscle located in the urinary bladder

a passive transport process that allows small particles to diffuse through a semipermeable membrane

dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic & abdominal cavities

it is the cheif muscle of inspiration (inhalation)

shaft of a long bone

relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle

blood pressure in the large arteries when the heart is resting (diastole)

the bottom number of the BP reading

process whereby a cell becomes specialized

passive transport process that causes movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

process of breaking down food into absorbable particles

failure of the body to function properly

increase excretion of urine

gene whose trait is expressed

body cavity that is located toward the back part of the body

divided into the cranial cavity & the spinal cavity

sensory nerve of a spinal nerve as it attatches to the spinal cord

first part of the small intestine

type of sweat glad that secretes a watery substance

plays an important role in the regulation of body temperature

abnormal collection of fluid, usually causing swelling

movement away from a central point, such as a motor neuron that carries information away from the central nervous system (CNS)

a motor neuron

brings information from the CNS to the periphery

electrocardiogram

ECG

EKG

graphic recording of the electrical events that occur during a cardiac cycle

compound that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

having normal balance amounts of electrolytes in each fluid compartment

substance composed of only one kind of atom

the developing human between the gestational stages of 2 & 8 weeks

the physical breakdown of a large fat globule into many smaller fat globules

inner lining of the heart wall

ductless gland that secretes hormones, usually in the blood

uptake of material through the cell membrane by forming a vesicle

includes pinocytosis & phagocytosis

inner mucous membrane lining of the uterus

endoplasmic reticlum

ER

intracellular membrane system that is concerned with the synthesis & transportation of protein

called the rough "one" if ribosomes are attached

called the smooth "one" if there are no ribosomes

ability to perform work

organic catalyst

it speeds of the rate of a chemical reaction

type of granular leukocyte

stains red

outer layer of the heart

forms part of the pericardium

outer epithelial layer of the skin

coiled tube that carries sperm from the testis to the vas deference

cartilage that guards the opening into the larynx

directs food & water to the esophagus

end of a long bone

one of the 4 types of tissues

found on the surface of the body (skin) & lining the body cavities

it also forms glands

balance

red blood cell

hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells

the tubelike structure that connects the pharynx to the stomach

the food tube

female sex hormones secreted by the developing ovarian follicle

tube that coonects the pharynx to the middle ear

also called the auditory tube

loss of heat as water changes from the liquid to the vapor or gas state

see capillaries

process of moving air out of the lungs

the breathing-out phase of ventilation

also called expiration

type of gland that secretes its products into ducts that open to a surface

elimination of material from a cell through the formation of vesicles

increase in the angle of a joint

fluid that is located outside of a cell, such as plasma & interstitial fluid

process by which a substance moves with the assistance of a carrier molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

passage way through which the egg or zygote move from the ovary to the uterus

also called the oviduct or uterine tube

fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers individual skeletal muscles or certain organs

union of an ovum  & a sperm to form a zygote

also called conception

name given to the deloping human at the end of the embryonic period

from the end of the 8th week of pregnancy to birth

protein strands foemed by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen

the clot

process of which water & dissolved substances move through a membrane in response to pressure

decrease angle of a joint

a bending movement

membranous gap between carnial bones of an infant's skull

anterior portion of the cerebeum that controls voluntary skeletal activity & plays an important role in emotions, critical thinking, & ethical decision making

verticle plane that divides the body into front (anterior) & back (posterior) parts

the coronal plane

plant like organisms such as mushrooms

cause mycotic infections

part of the chromosome that codes for a specific trait

the biologic unity of heredity

the filtration (pushing) of water & dissolved solute across the glomerular membrane

The rate of "this" is called the _________  _________ rate or GFR

tuft of capillaries located within the Bowman's capsule of the nephron unity of the kidneys

opening between the vocal cords

an air passage for the respiratory tract

biochemical process that makes glucose from nonglucose substances, especially protein

a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, that serves a sthe principal fuel for the cells of the body

polysaccharide that is the storage form of gulcose

also called animal starch

anaerobic catabolism of glucose into lactic acid

membranous organelle that is concerned with the final trimming & packaging of protein for exocytes

organ that produces gametes (ova or sperm)

term for ovaries & testes

hormone "aimed at" the gonads

includes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), & human chorionic gonadotrpin (hCG)

mature ovarian follicle

part of the central nervous system (CNS) that is composed of cell bodies & unmyelinated fibers

structural unit of compact bone

bone is layered in concentric circles around an osteonic canal

osteon

parasitic worm

laboratory tests that expresses the % if RBC's present in a volume of blood

production of blood cells

iron-containing protein in the RBC that has the ability to take up & release oxygen

also transports CO₂

break down of erythrocytes (RBC's)

the stopping of blood loss

ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment

substance secreted by an endocrine gland into the blood

human chorionic gonadotropin

hCG

hormone secreted by the trophoblastic cells

maintains the corpus luteum until the placenta can take over its grandular function

weak intermolecular bond formed between hydrogen & a negatively charged atom such as oxygen or nitrogen

abnormally high potassium level

hypertension

HTN

BP that is higher than normal

having a solute concentration greater than a reference solution

increase in the size of a body part, usually refering to a muscle

abnormally rapid, deep breathing

a lower than normal amount of potassium in the blood

pituitary gland

BP that is lower than normal

part of the diencephalon (below the thalamus) that regulates the pituitary gland, the autonomic nervous system (ANS), water balance, appetite, temperature, & the emotions

having a solute concentration less than a reference solution

abnormally slow & or shallow respiratory rate

distal end of the small intestine

ability to resist & overcome injury by pathogens or antigenic substances

antibodies produced by plasma cells in response to antigenic stimulation

disease caused by a pathogen

body's response to infection or injury

characterized by redness, heat, sweeling, & pain

process of moving air into the lungs

the breathing-in phase of ventilation

also called inspiration

a change in the strength or force of myocardial contraction that does not involve stretching the myocardial fibers

the moveable attachment pointof a muscle to a bone

amount of fluid taken into the body

organ system that consists of the skin & the accessory organs

between the cells

substances produced by a virus-infected cell

the substance protects other cells from viral infection

an association neuron

links the sensory & motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS)

fluid located between the cells

tissue fluid

fluid located within the cells

the pressure within the intrapleural space

must be negative in order for the lungs to be expanded

an electrically charged atom or groups of atoms

either cations or anions

bond formed bythe exchange of electrons between atoms

having the same concentration as the reference solution

elements that have the same # of protons & electrons but a different # of neutrons

yellow coloring of the skin & "whites" of the eyes caused by an increase of bilirubin in the blood

second or middle part of the small intestine

union of two or more bones

an articulation

arrangement of the chromosomes by pairs in a fixed order

a protein found in the skin, hair, & nails

it hardens the cell & makes them water-resistent

products of faulty fatty acid catabolism

includes acetone, acetoacetic acid, & beta hydroxybutyric acid

organ of the urinary system that produces urine

increase the rate & depth of respirations in order to correct a metabolic acidosis

gland that secretes tears

lymph vessel in a villus of the small intestine

structure that contains the vocal cords

voice box

white blood cell (WBC)

it functions primarily to defend the body against infection

strong band of coonective tissue that joins bone to bone

the emotional brain

enzyme that digests fats into fatty acids & glycerol

organic molecule that includes fats, oils, & steroids

a hairpin looped tubular structure of the nephron unit that receives urine from the proximal tuble & delivers it to the distal tubule

fluid that has the same composition as tissue fluid & is carried by the lymph vessels

mass of lymphoid tissue located along the course of a lymphatic vessel

large tube or vessel that carries lymph, such as the thoracic duct

same as lymphatic vessel

the tubes through which lymph flows

a granular leukocyte

There are T & B "ones"

organelle that contains powerful enzymes

engages in phagocytosis & does the "intracellular housecleaning"