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Human Biology Chapter 1
definitions and descriptions for chapter 1
20
Biology
Undergraduate 2
01/28/2012

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Term
9 Characteristics of Life
Definition
respond to external stimuli, alter the environment, sense the environment, adapt to the environment, adapt to the environment, use energy, reproduce, contain materials found only in living organisms, maintain homeostasis, have a high degree of organization
Term
Cells
Definition
smallest units of life, contained in a membrane or cell wall, smallest unit that can live and reproduce on its own or as a part of a multi-celled organism (ex:humans)
Term
Tissue
Definition
a group of cells with SIMILAR function (ex: muscle or bone)
Term
Organ
Definition
composed of more than one tissue having one or more specific function
Term
Organ System
Definition
a group of organs that perform a broad biological function (ex: cardiovascular system)
Term
Organism
Definition
one living individual
Term
C T O O O
Definition
Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
controlled by both the conscious and unconscious responses, living things must maintain it, helps organism stay alive through the use of feedback systems
Term
Negative feedback system
Definition
takes away balance of homeostasis, reduces or eliminates changes detected by stimulus receptor
Term
Positive feedback system
Definition
brings the body back to homeostasis
Term
Flow of the feedback systems
Definition
Stimulus receptor, Control center, Effector (S C E)
Term
3 domains
Definition
Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Eukarya
Term
6 Kingdoms
Definition
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia (A E P F P A)
Term
Hierarchy of Similarity
Definition
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (King Phylus Claps of Fakes Great Speech)
Term
Observation
Definition
witnessing an unusual or unexpected phenomenon
Term
Experimentation
Definition
designing and running an experiment to test the validity of the hypothesis
Term
Variables
Definition
factors that can be changed in an experiment to test whether or how it affects the outcome
Term
Inductive reasoning
Definition
creating a general statement from observations *hypothesis creation
Term
Deductive reasoning
Definition
creating general hypothesis to a specific situation *experimental design
Term
Theory
Definition
a general uniting principle of science, upheld by observation and MANY experiments
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