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| Epithelial cells form a sheet to cover surfaces. I.E. Skin |
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| Epithelial cells line the internal surfaces of our organs like the Intestines. |
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| Hepatocytes (liver cells) and adipocyites (fat cells) store nutrients or energy reserves for the body. |
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| Composed of contractile proteins that cause the sucle to shorten (contract) to allow movement. |
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Helps to connect and support tissues.
Ex: Fibroblasts are found in the ligaments, it binds bone to bone. |
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| Neurons or nerve cells transmit electrical impluses from one part of the body to the other. These impulses travel to and fro from the brain. |
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| Life-Sustaining Cell Activities |
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| Plasma Membrane (Outermost component of a cell) |
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Encloses and supports cell content Determines what moves in and out of the cell
Recognize & communicate with other cells |
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| What does the plasma membrane consist of? |
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Definition
45-50% Lipids
45-50% Proteins
4-8% Carbohydrates (Glycocalyx) |
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Materials that are insoluble in water.
Ex: fats, oils, and steroids. |
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| Assemble to form a lipid bilayer, a double layer of lipid molecules because they have a polar (+) head and a non-polar (-) tail. |
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| Scattered within the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipid bilayer, where it strengthens the plasma membrane and protects it from extremities. |
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| Lipids attached to carbohydrate groups. Located on the outerlayer only. |
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Water loving and fearing molecules.
EX: Phospholipid Membrane |
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| Peripheral (Extrinsic) Proteins |
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| A membrane protein that partially span the membrane, and is attached either to the outer or to the inner phospholipid layer. |
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| Integral (Intrinsic) Proteins |
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| Proteins that exist between the layers. |
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| Channel proteins are trans-membrane proteins found in the phospholipid bilayer membranes in our bodies. These channel proteins allow specific molecules to pass through, thus crossing the membrane.These channels can be ligand-gated, voltage-gated, or mechanically-gated. (What causes the channels to open/close) |
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| A protein molecule, embedded in either the plasma membrane of a cell, to which one or more specific kinds of signaling molecules may attach. |
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| A "label" for a cell and this label can convey a number of different things like what type of cell it is. This is important for cell-cell communication. |
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