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human anatomy
definitions
39
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/16/2011

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Term
Plasma
Definition
Watery fluid that forms matrix of blood
Term
Red Blood Cells
Definition
Erythrocytes, contain a number of surface proteins called antigens
Term
White Blood Cells
Definition
Leukocytes, primarily involved in immune response
Term
Blood platelets
Definition
Cell fragments and assist in clotting process.
Term
Arteries
Definition
Carry blood away from heart.
(No exchange in gases or nutrients with rest of body)
Term
Capillaries
Definition
Very thin, only single (or several) layers of epithelial tissue.
(Site of exchange: Oxygen and other nutrients move out of blood, Carbon Dioxide moves into blood)
Term
Joints
Definition
Where two bones come into contact and can move relative to one another.
Term
Nervous System Components
Definition
Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerves
Term
Nerve Cell
Definition
Neuron
Term
Sensory Neurons
Definition
Carry impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS.
Term
Motor Neurons
Definition
Carry impulses away from CNS and end at muscle cells or effectors.
Term
Red Marrow
Definition
Within spongy bone of long and flat bones, involved in production of blood cells.
Term
Yellow Marrow
Definition
Within shaft region of long bones, mostly fat storage.
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Living cells in bones, found within spaces called lacunae.
Term
Osteons
Definition
Canal containing blood vessels to nourish osteocytes.
Term
Hydrostatic Skeleton
Definition
Body is fluid filled "bag" under pressure.
Term
External
Definition
Exoskeleton
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
Bones along midline of body.
Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
Everything else, (arm bones, leg bones, pelvic girdle)
Term
Bones
Definition
Hardest part of skeleton
Term
Cartilage
Definition
More flexible than bone.
Term
Ligaments
Definition
A type of connective tissue linking 2 bones.
Term
Tendons
Definition
Link muscles to bones.
Term
Epidermis
Definition
Outer most layer of skin.
Term
Hypodermis
Definition
Inner layer of skin (Subcutaneous layer)
Term
Dermis
Definition
Middle layer of skin.
Term
Eccrine
Definition
Occur over most of body (release clear fluid, water and salts.
Term
Apocrine
Definition
In groin, armpits, face. (Odor causing)
Term
Sebaceaous
Definition
Release thicker, oily/waxy fluid. (Lubricates hair follicles)
Term
Smooth muscle
Definition
Simplest type of muscle tissue. (Involuntary)
Term
Skeletal muscle
Definition
(voluntary muscle)
Term
Cardiac muscle
Definition
(involuntary muscle) walls of heart
Term
Connective Tissue components
Definition
Living cells, non-living matrix
Term
Squamous cells
Definition
flat; found in areas where diffusion is important.
Term
Cuboidal cells
Definition
Cubes; involved in secretion and absorbtion.
Term
Columnar cells
Definition
Rectangular; also used for secretion and absorbtion.
Term
Anatomy
Definition
describes physical parts of an organism.
Term
Physiology
Definition
describes the way the parts work, alone or in combination.
Term
Epithelial tissue
Definition
serves as covering or lining of various body parts.
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