Term
| Simultaneous Bilingualism |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| consecutive or successive bilingualism |
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Term
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Definition
| use of both languages within the same conversation |
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Term
| Inter-sentential code-switching |
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Definition
| occurs sentence-by-sentence |
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Term
| Intra-sentential code-switching |
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Definition
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Term
| Lexical Development + Bilingualism |
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Definition
| By some estimates, at ~ 30 months of age, about 30% of words children know are translation equivalents |
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Term
Lexical Development + Bilingualism
Lexical gaps |
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Definition
| language specific words - bilingual children score lower on vocab tests than monolingual |
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Term
| Acquiring L2 in Childhood |
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Definition
Different from simultaneous bilingualism
More like adult L2 acquisition
Often accompanied by a silent period
(very little production of L2, mostly listening)
If L2 is the language of community, its acquisition is often accompanied by attrition of L1, or reversal of dominance |
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Term
How do bilinguals process language?
language switch |
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Definition
When bilinguals want to speak/understand in L1, they switch L2 off
When they want to speak/understand in L2, they switch L1 off |
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Term
How do bilinguals process language?
in parallel |
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Definition
When bilinguals are speaking/listening/reading in L1, they are also accessing their L2
When bilinguals are speaking/listening/reading in L2, they are also accessing their L1 |
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Term
Cognitive Consequences of Bilingualism
Metalinguistic awareness |
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Definition
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Term
Cognitive Consequences of Bilingualism
Executive function/Selective Attention |
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Definition
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Term
| Ways to Raise Children Bilingually |
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Definition
One person – one language: Each parent speaks their L1 to the child
Non-dominant home language: Parents speak L1 to the child; the community speaks L2
Mixed languages: Parents are bilingual and mix languages when speaking to the child |
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